I have a couple questions about organic chemistry. Even if you can't answer all of them, any help would be very appreciated.
1) Using the formula NH2CHRCOOH, how would I create a peptide bond?
2) What is the empirical formula for fatty acids?
3) What is another type of compound (besides polysaccharides) that fits the defintion of a polymer?
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1) The formation of a peptide bond is basically a change from a carboxylic acid to an amide:
NH2CHRCO2H + NH2CHRCO2H ---> NH2CHRC(=O)NHCHRCO2H + H2O
In common practice, if you want to make a peptide with different amino acids then you protect the amine to make it unreactive towards amide formation and then you attach the first amino acid to a solid support (silica-based) through its carboxylic acid end. Then, you deprotect the amine of the amino acid attached to the solid support and you add the next amino acid (which has an amine protecting group). You continue this process until you have reached your desired peptide.
Here is a link where you can see how this works:
http://web.whittier.edu/people/webpages/personalwebpages/hashemzadeh/solid%20phase%20peptide%20synthesis.pdf
2) Saturated fatty acids will have the formula C(n)H(2n+1)CO2H
Unsaturated fatty acids will have the formula C(n)H(2n + 1 - 2x)CO2H where x = number of double bonds.
3) A protein because it is a polypeptide and DNA and RNA because they are polynucleotides.