What does higher % dilution mean?

In the following context, which solution will contain more human serum? the 5% or 40%?

"If the investigational product is highly protein bound, sponsors are encouraged to examine the in vitro antiviral activity of the investigational product in the presence of a series of dilutions of human serum up to 40 percent (e.g., 5 percent, 10 percent, 20 percent, 40 percent)"

Roger the Mole2021-02-02T17:43:57Z

The 40% dilution is most dilute, and 5% is least dilute, so the 5% solution contains the most serum.

oeman502021-02-02T10:23:02Z

In the context, the "highest dilution " appears to be 40%, with the least amount of serum. In some cases, the % refers to the amount of active ingredient but in this caser it refers to the amount of dilution.