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As Nazis denied services, broke windows, and confiscated their property, did rabbis discourage another exodus?
A dear friend since departed was Dorla Gundershiemer author of "Tricking the Devil." She was a German Jew post WW II immigrant to the US who survived the holocaust without ever going to the camps or hiding underground.
She confirmed my suspicion that the holocaust was an escalating effort to chase Jews from Germany that finished with resorting to slaughtering the ones that didn't leave. By 1940, after the world devastation from vast depression and war, the ones that hadn't left no longer had anywhere to go nor ways to get there.
I believe when the war started they were no longer permitted to leave because of their intelligence value to the Allies, not because they were Jews. Nazis were happy to get rid of Jews any way they could.
I also suspect rabbis held them in Germany with promises of rescue, perhaps messianic rescue, for fear of losing their entire congregations as they scattered around the world. Does anyone know if that was true?
For decades I studied philosophies, cultures, and social institutions. I began that because of confusion resulting from my military experience under the shadow of neo-Marxist anti-military and anti-capitalism indoctrination in the universities.
I continue a forty year quest wading through the huge pile of stinking crap a wide variety of bigots dumped on top of truth hiding it from nearly everyone's view. The pile was made by blaming people or practices they don't like while excusing people or practices they do like regardless of where the fault really lies.
In the question "their" means all Jews, not just rabbis.
Great answers everyone.
Chances68 reflects something Dorla said: each time the repression escalated many Jews thought that would be the last. As others noted they a lot invested in Germany and I don't mean just wealth. They considered themselves German not just Jews.
I do see Jewish culture as close to my Germanic relatives' but less so to my Irish relatives', except their artistic elements. I have long thought stupid Hitler could have gained greatly from their help possibly assured by honest promises of awarding them Palestine when it was taken. The world is glad he didn't.
Slaughtered German Jews then might have saved the rest of us. In a sense they could be seen as martyred like Christians' Jewish messiah, Y'Shua (Joshua, we call "Jesus").
Feivel: Virtually all answers were very good but yours was particularly useful and from a personal view. The view from Jews about this is inclined to be a very bitter one and for good reason. I heard rumors so was Hitler's and possibly for good reason with him also.
I know particularly my Germanic style ultra-Protestant Christian cultures can stand off from Jews, their Muslim Semitic cousins and other Muslims, as well as most cultures outside northern Europe. I suspect so did many Germans then.
The problem is serious culture clash. You aren't so different as we are. Our cultures clashe with most in this world. We are innately community oriented while most of you are family oriented. We have always resented Jews and other family cultures putting those before our communities.
However I believe the greatest reason Jews were rejected then in other places was the world's economies were flooded with excess labor from overpopulating cultures and my German and Irish ones
6 Answers
- 7 years agoFavorite Answer
The architect of the Holocaust was not Hitler and it actually did not get off the ground until 1941. Hitler did essentially what a King said. If, you recall what happened to Archbishop Thomas Beckett? Hitler basically said "Handle the problem."
Originally Nazi's long range plan involved active deportation to places like Morocco or Madagascar. Completely isolated from projected Nazi Reich territory and hegemony. The war effectively ceased this idea. Leaving two choices Considering the flood of "undesirables" was becoming a tsunami.
1. Expand camps further and place a increased cost of food, care and Nazi personnel?
2. Deal with the flow the only way practical and economically feasible in war time. Kill them.Humanely and fast.
Both rabbi's and Jews were rather reluctant to leave Germany before and after Krystalnacht. In disbelief and because they were also Germans. As we would be reluctant to exodus under like circumstances,. However, we are not disarmed, disenfranchised, denied jobs nor otherwise persecuted like the Jews were. BUT, we are at the beginnings of street beatings, open hatred and shop disruptions. The youth just aren't wearing brown shirts. They wear gangsta clothes.
Rabbi's had no actual though of losing followers. They stayed and comforted those who decided to stay. Just as priests, fathers and rabbis made no effort to save themselves on the Titanic. Encouraging those who could and would flee to do so. Staying with to comfort those who could not.
I place no thought of greed nor selfish need to rule over others. In minds nor hearts I have no evidence of being that way. I look at the results. What ever the rabbi's motives? The results were comfort, escape, strength to endure and evasion. All noble and worthy results.
- allonyoavLv 77 years ago
Even before the war the Jews couldn't leave Germany. Thousands tried but countries around the world refused to let them in. They ended up camping at border posts trying to get through, some tried to sneak into British controlled Palestine (which allowed uncontrolled entry by Muslims but heavily restricted the entry of Jews) but very few got in. Read up on the story of the ship "The Exodus". The jews tried to leave but couldn't, they were simply not allowed into other countries.
The slaughter was more of a reaction to the fact that when Germany took control of large areas of europe, they suddenly found themselves in control of close to 11 million Jews. To them the only way to deal with the jewish poulation at that time was genocide- a few thousand Jews from germany had been unable to leave- there was no way millions of Jews would be ablw to leave. However, this was more of a justification of what they had planned all along than anything else- the reality so that once they redefined Jews into a race (something that had never been done before and was a construct of 19th century anti-Semites) genocide was relatively inevitable. When anti-Semitism was based on religion, getting Jews to convert was an effective technique sine they thereby changed their religion. Once it became racial the only solution is genocide as there is no way to change race
edit: Your analysis is very flawed. Teh Jews trying to flee Germany in the 1930s were generally very well educated professionals, very much integrated into their surrounding culture. These were the people that largely formed the early Reform movement- wanting to integrate and be part of German society rather than be visibly Jewish or part of a different culture. The majority of German Jews were indistinguishable from their German neighbors in their behaviour and culture- they ate similar foods, behaved the same, dressed the same, listened to the same music, went to the same theatres etc. In the WW1 the Jews enrolled in the German army in disproportiante numbers to their community size, they also won a disporportionate number of medals. They were desperate to be seen as Germans and loyal to Germany. The fact that they had worked so hard to assimilate into German society was actually one of the atatcks that Hitler levelled against them- that they were trying to infiltrate german society to corrupt it! There was no clash of cultures- the majority of German Jews were integrated into Germany society and reflected the same culture as them. What there was, was anti-Semitism driven by pseudo-science and hatred.
Your idea that Jew were rejected due to over population and excess labour show how little you know of what was going on. Teh Jews fleeing Germany were by and large very well educated- profesisonals, teachers, professors etc. Many ran their own business and mot likely would have been net creators of jobs- they were not competing with mass job marketof uneducated labour but were lawyers, accountants, doctors, professors etc. What you seem to be unwilling to admit to is the massive amount of anti-Semitism rife at the time, and the fact that it was seen as normal. Private clubs with signs of "No Jews or dogs allowed" were common- there was no idea of political correctness at the time, no shame in being a bigot.
Source(s): Orthodox Jew; Reverend; - FeivelLv 77 years ago
Hitler wanted the Jews gone. They considered sending all the Jews to Madagascar but the plan was abandoned.
Most Jews were too poor to leave. In Germany you had to pay next years taxes in advance (even though you would not be living there) and leave most of your possessions behind.
Rabbi's were not worried about losing their congregations. In fact the Lubavitcher Rabbi told people "Go, leave, Get out!"
If you listen to Hitlers speeches before the holocaust started, CLEARLY he wanted the Jews out and gone. Once he had enacted the nuremberg laws, many Jews became in debt. They owed rent and loans on their business that were no longer allowed to be open per the nazi's.
The people who could leave waiting in line for hours at various embassies only to get possible visa numbers with numbers lie 40,451 or something like that. As the allies were taking only a few Jews, this was an impossible number.
In 1938, I think it became clear to EVERYONE Jews had to get out and no Rabbi, standing on the ruins of his burned Shul would have said "Stay, we will work this out". It would have been laughable.
Hitler tested the international waters. They didn't want us, by and large. The St Louis set sail and then was forced to return to Europe as no country would admit them. SO, then Jews were put into ghettos and then the final solution was "finalized" and in 1941.
Source(s): Jewish and lost family in the holocaust - who WAS #1?Lv 77 years ago
Can't blame the Rabbis for keeping Jews in Germany, their job was to maintain the culture for those who remained. Yes it did get increasingly more difficult for Jews to leave Germany. One big problem is there was no place for them to go in large numbers. There was no Israel and even our President FDR turned away refugee ships. Lots of them ended up in Argentina and other places where Fascism did not reach.
In the course of my spiritual quest(s) I've studied a lot about Kabbalah and that leads to Safed and Poland and I learned a little about Jews and their history. All through the Old Testament G_d keeps telling the Jews "Be ye therefore separate...." (and don't take foreign wives....) and sure enough, the more assimilated they become in a country the worse the eventual suffering. Germany in the 20th century is the most assimilated Jews had ever been in Europe. And that was their greatest suffering. Apparently G-d is willing to enforce his advice about being a separate people.
Every tyranny needs a scapegoat. In Germany it became the Jews. As throughout history, they were accused of being the source of many of Germany's problems. Factor in eugenics and the master race Aryan thing and it morphed from "leave Germany: to "you must be exterminated". Such is the way of fanatics, they always have to up the ante to keep the fervor and fear factor going.
"Herr Johnson, it seems your great grandfather was a Jew...." Not of pure blood so you have to go unless you serve The State. Tyranny always sucks and feeds on itself because there are always the young punks trying to make rank by being overzealous and therefore keep raising the bar you have to jump over.
By the early 1940s it was impossible for Jews to leave Germany's territories unless they had a benefactor, which many priests did, getting them the necessary papers.
Casablanca: "round up the usual suspects..."
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7SQuyKlt1Ew
EDIT: What worries me is USA is the place Jews have become most assimilated ever. Will that mean their suffering will be greater than in 1940s Germany? Hard to imagine the vast disturbance that would send through The Force, but G_d seems willing to enforce his edict. This is scary but history proves it out, so far. America would have to be completely transformed for that to happen. Hope it doesn't or I'm going to have to start becoming a member of the resistance and set a lot of fires.
- Chances68Lv 77 years ago
Many did leave, and certainly many Rabbis were urging German Jews to flee. There may also have been those who were hoping the storm would blow over. Perhaps, a few, even taught as you say, although I don't know of any credible sources to back up your idea. In the main, Jews stayed in Germany because they were German, and they had built their lives there. It is very much as if the United States would begin persecuting Jews, or Jehovah's Witnesses or Muslims, for example. Many would just leave, but most would probably try to ride it out, trusting in the courts, and in their friends who were not of their group to help them and protect them. They would hope to ride it out, because they are a minority group, yes, but they are Americans.