Can you identify what countries these license plates come from?

No. 3 does indeed follow the Dutch colour scheme and a pre-2007 character/digit grouping (after 2007, the grouping became two digits-three letters-one digit). The reason why it doesn't have a blue NL country designation on one side, is because of the giveaway letters CD, which stand for Corps Diplomatique. A diplomatic member (diplomat, ambassador etc.) of a foreign country or accredited international association (e.g. the UN) obviously isn't a Dutch national, so their cars don't have a Dutch nationality marking on their number plates. CD-marked cars and their diplomatic owners (but not non-diplomatic personnel such as embassy drivers) cannot be effectively sanctioned for traffic and parking offences, and some embassies, especially in The Hague, Netherlands where most foreign diplomatic missions are seated, run up significant amounts in fines without ever paying them.

Here you go, all the information you need:

http://www.worldlicenseplates.com/