Where is High Temple Locks, New Kilpatrick, Dunbartonshire, Scotland?

Yes, it's still in Scotland and still in Dunbartonshire, but the area is now a suburb of Glasgow and is now called Bearsden. It's a separate place from Glasgow in terms of government, but like many suburbs it's a physical continuation of the city it's close to.

I'm sort of guessing here, though I think it's a good guess, but on the Forth and Clyde Canal which passes near Bearsden (the former New Kilpatrick) there are still two locks called Temple Locks, Locks 26 and 27. Temple is an area of Glasgow, and Temple Rd runs right along the canal. Canals being what they are, one of the locks is upstream of the other, higher up, and might have been called High Temple Lock. I'd say that's Lock 26.

There's a restaurant or something called Lock 27, so that one is easy to locate. To the right of it on google maps, in the canal, is another narrowed area and that would be Lock 26. Go a little further along the canal to the right and you find Maryhill Locks.