Anirudh

H is the fundamental requirement for any basic star to form. When stars die or go supernova, does the process end with any H or does it just result in heavier elements, some sub atomic particles and a lot of gamma rays?

If no, does it mean there was more H at the birth of the universe and that the rate of star formation higher than now?

Also, as the amount of H reduced due to formation of higher elements in stars, does it mean that our universe was much denser before and as it aged, got thinner?

Lastly, from this theory, is it possible to simulate the end of the universe when there will be no H to form stars and the universe will be cold with only other elements having endothermic reactions (I mean after Fe of course).

Okay, I understand that 2 hydrogen fuse to become 1 deuterium. deuterium fuses again with hydrogen to have tritium or fuses with another deuterium to have helium and energy or with tritium to have helium, an additional neutron and energy.

But, the confusion I am having is how does a proton get converted to neutron in the process? Everything starts from simple hydrogen, which does not have any neutron. But in the end, one not only has helium (which has 2 neutrons), but also an additional neutron.

Do the quarks change the flavours here? If yes, what happens to their charges? I mean how can positive 1/3 become -1/3 suddenly?

Also, Deuterium has 1 proton and 1 neutron. Tritium has 1 proton and 2 neutrons. So, there are a total of 2 protons and 3 neutrons. Helium has 2 neutrons and 2 protons. An additional neutron is also produced in the process. Again, the product is 2 protons and 3 neutrons. So, where does the additional energy come from??

1. Every mass in space causes a bend in the space-time fabric. This is known as gravity.

So, can one say that, since a black hole has immense gravity, it bends the space time fabric till infinity, or since the smallest possible measurable volume is the planks volume, it bends the space time fabric like a vortex which starts as a planks volume??

2. If the above hypothesis stands true, can it be said that, when a black hole has absorbed enough mass that it cannot absorb any more, it will spew it all out in a small fraction of time, just like if you keep on giving energy to a closed volume like a pressure cooker, eventually it will explode with a burst of energy in all directions? Since, all the matter and energy was held in a plank volume till then, this is similar to Big bang. Is this how our present universe was created? And is this how future Universes will be created?

3. I understand that the escape velocity of a Black hole exceeds the speed of light. But is it possible to send an object hypothetically at a speed lesser than the speed of light but high enough to keep it in orbit around the black hole, like our artificial satellites? I understand the speed will be quite high. but is it possible?

Unlike other gauge bosons, like a light source creates photons and quarks in a proton or a neutron create gluons, Higgs boson do not seem to be created from any source. In other words, while other bosons would disappear if the source is removed, higgs behaves differently. This is from what I understood and I may be wrong. So can anybody give me more insight on it (or correct me if I am wrong)?

Why don't we feel the effect of centrifugal force when our earth is revolving around the sun, like when we feel when we are taking a turn with our car?

The earth; weighing 5.9742 × 10^24 kilograms, is revolving at a speed of 107278.87 km/h that is ~30000 m/sec at approximately 149,600,000 kms (149600000000 m) from the sun.

So the CFF will approximately be 3.545 x 10^22 N, which is quite high.

Along the similar lines, when our sun revolves around the centre of our milky way galaxy, the force is even higher (~ 3.96 x 10^33 N (on earth) and 1.32 x 10^39 (on sun), neglecting other effects like rotation, revolution, etc).

Why is it that we cannot feel even the slightest, in spite of such huge forces acting??

I have completed my BE in Mechanical Engineering from Mumbai, India. I am done with TOEFL and GRE and have got decent scores in all 3 above. I am planning to do Post Graduation Course in Automotive Engineering (or any course related to Automotive like Combustion Engines, Vehicle Dynamics, etc.). I am trying for Winter Intake. I found out that there are very few courses that are offered in English. Kindly list them. I'll see if I missed any course.

Also, if anybody can signify what is a TU, UN and an FH. Which is better with a job perspective? I personally find FH better as it imparts practical knowledge. However, my friends believe otherwise. According to them, TU is better then UN is better than FH. In that order. So I am pretty confused.