Do you know of a simple tabletop experiment demonstrating the GHG effect of CO2 ?

The results of the experiment using containers with/out co2 and lit by heat lamps is unrelated to GHG radiative absorption, see http://answers.yahoo.com/question/index;_ylt=Ak0_RsekAwrgM10AT9ONSmTsy6IX;_ylv=3?qid=20100606023517AAp9HP4

So is there something better on the market ? Please give explanations and refer to detailed texts in your answer , not to YouTube kind of hocus-pocus.

2010-06-17T10:16:46Z

Please see the link to the past question above and references therein.

@Trevor, I don't see what your experiment demonstrates apart that the CO2 bottle warms more quickly than the air bottle, which has no relation with radiative GHG effect. You would certainly get the same result with some other gases without IR absorption bands. We don't even know what the steady state is in your experiment, since you haven't run it long enough, or haven't recorded the results long enough.

@pegminer I know that CO2 has IR absorption bands. That is not the question. The question is a honest experimental tabletop demonstration of the GHG radiative effect.

In fact, I don't think there exists one. The effect given by a model calculation is a small fraction of a degree, so experiments displaying large differences are most likely wrong. In the experiment quoted in the reference, argon, which has no IR absorption bands, was used as a counter test and it gave the same temperature curve as CO2.

2010-06-17T11:56:44Z

@Trevor I just checked the reference to your explanation. The question is not the QM of molecular degrees of freedom, but how this can displace the point of radiative equilibrium of a system towards higher temperatures by greenhouse effect. And I don't see an experiment demonstrating this.

@Jeff tabletop can be very accurate. I only meant something doable in the lab, with adequate equipment. Even if this exists, it remains to be seen that it has a connection with the full size thing. But what Trevor describes shows nothing.
Ideally, there should be some heated backdrop which could not radiate away the heat it receives when it is behind a enriched CO2 atmosphere as well as it can radiate it behind a normal atmosphere. Consequently, it should reach a slightly higher steady state temperature than the backdrop behind the normal atmosphere, under identical heating conditions. That's why the bottle experiment shows absolutely nothing relevant to the question.

2010-06-19T00:19:10Z

@Trevor, pegminer, d/dx

Again, I know that CO2 and CH4 have strong IR absorption bands. I don't want and experiment in spectroscopy. And I know the explanations about GHG so I need no site and I know and use and occasionally teach quantum mechanics. Thanks !

Please see my answer @Jeff to understand what kind of experiment I have in mind.

When I say 'tabletop' I do not mean 'kitchen'. This should be real demonstration of the GHG effect which is not addressed by Trevor's expt. This could be used, depending on the stuff needed, in classes. But it has to REALLY demonstrate the radiative GHG effect. Not some warming of the gas itself.

@Trevor when you say " the bottles are receiving the same amount of heat then they warm at the same rate, the increase in temperature can only be caused by greater heat retention" that's really not physics. For a given amount of heat received, the body which has the least heat capacity should warm quicker before steady state is reached.

2010-06-19T00:37:05Z

So if your bottles are filled at the same pressure, at the same initial temperature and if they are lit in the same conditions (the co2 bottle should first be filled with air to make a test run of the set-up) and if the temperature probes are properly calibrated and shielded from direct light, then the CO2 bottle should warm more slowly. (check the constant volume specific heats ) So there is an unexplained effect in your expt. which is probably to be found at the plastic-gas interface. You cannot conclude at a 'retention effect' (which ought to be properly qualified) as long as you haven't reached a steady state, which is not the case with your data as I have already noted earlier. That would probably not be conclusive because your setup lacks any backdrop which should radiate heat away. (see my explanation for Jeff)

@Pegminer I don't think one makes a good cause by performing misinterpreted or badly controlled experiments and trying to sell the results for what they are not.

2010-06-19T00:43:55Z

That's the reason why I asked this question. In the long run, people will know the results are wrong or misinterpreted and their disbelief will engulf whatever you might be telling them. Better NO experiment than wrong or wrongly interpreted ones.

@d/dx etc.. you should be better at differentiating, if not in math at least between the people you are talking to. I'm paid by a state agency to do basic research in fundamental physics. Not by exxon or any other of those who want/don't want to hire your abilities.

2010-06-21T06:14:01Z

@TREVOR et al. One possible explanation of your bottle effect is that CO2 thermal conductivity is much lower than O2 or N2 thermal conductivity (just had the idea to check that, but not much time to work a model now) So since you do not wait for steady state, your CO2 bottle gets warmer because it transmits heat to be radiated away from the side opposite to the lamp more slowly. Again, no connection whatever with GHG radiative effect.

2010-06-24T17:10:57Z

End of the game. It is a pity that nobody seems to care about this question. It may well have no answer, but that should be recognized. Not every effect taking place in a large scale system can be miniaturized. But replacing it by demonstrations which are not connected to it to try to persuade people is both dishonest and counter productive. @Trevor I don't mean that you are dishonest, you certainly believed your experiment had to do with GHG effect. However the true explanation is to be sought in the much lower CO2 thermal conductivity with maybe additional gaz-container effects. Note that even without these explanations, it could not tell you anything about GHG properties of CO2. Browse up the GHG mechanism and you will understand why a simple differential warming of the two gas bottles (what is more, before any steady state regime is established) cannot be related to it in any way.
So BA goes to the shortest and I think, most pertinent criticism of the only experiment presented.

2010-06-24T17:13:00Z

I shall put this question again in the physics section. Maybe people will e more interested there.

beren2010-06-17T08:37:51Z

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My issue with experiments like this is that what you are mostly measuring is the interactions (and heat transfer) of the gas with the sides of the container.

Anonymous2010-06-17T06:46:55Z

Trevor,
A few questions.

1.) Your graph has the CO2 and Methane together.

2.) It looks like your methods may tend to add more H2O into the CO2 bottle. How did you account for this difference.

3.) It looks like your methods would tend to make the Methane and CO2 bottle pressurized, or at least more pressurized than your normal bottle. Since it is known that denser air tends to hold more heat, did you do anything to account for this.

Trevor, The temps would have to be the same prior to placing the cap on to ensure the same overall pressure. Clearly if one is colder, it will have a higher pressure than the others after the temps are equal. Your processes would likely change the temps. The indigestion tablets in water would most likely change the H2O content.

Trevor, Clearly not, and I am not suggesting that your experiment is bad for a lab top. I would simply change how I did it slightly. I would keep the set-up the same, but place a small chunk of dry ice in one. Place the cap on so that it is closed, but not tight enough that no air escapes. Then, when the temps meet, I would tighten the caps. Same temp, same pressure, more CO2 in one. Otherwise I would keep the experiment the same.

d/dx+d/dy+d/dz2010-06-17T20:54:58Z

Trevor gives a good simple experiment for the kitchen table. The object is to demonstrate the effect rather than to mimic the atmosphere. I answered the same question previously with an alternate experiment (all my answers are public). You asked for pablum, you got YA pablum. Now graduate to solid food. Get a tunable pulsed laser, a cryostat with an internal gas cell with KBr optic flats and a step-scan FTIR spectrometer with a 1 m OPD and an MCT detector. Put a 1 ns pulse through the gas cell and measure the radiation at 175 degrees (or as close as you can put the MCT to 180 degrees) as a function of time. Tune the laser through a CO2 absorption line. Measure the emission spectra of both CO2 and Ar at pressures that approximate different levels of the atmosphere with the FTIR spectrometer. Subtract the Ar signal from the CO2 signal. Calibrate the signal with a NIST standard. I would be willing to do this experiment for Exxon. I think that ONE hour of Exxon's global revenue would be a very small price to pay for Exxon to get a definitive result and fair compensation for me.

pegminer2010-06-17T06:57:25Z

Yes, just use your tabletop infrared spectraphotometer to measure the infrared absorptance of CO2. If you don't like that you could use line-by-line integration to calculate it, using your desktop computer.

Or you could just trust that it could be done in a well-equipped lab.

EDIT: The reason I suggested doing things this way is because it's too easy to make a small experiment which purports to show something, but actually operates in other ways--it's also too easy to bring up objections which may or may not be valid and criticize others' experiments, which is what I think your point is in asking the question. The greenhouse effect is real, there is no doubt about that, once you see that IR absorption band then you know that CO2 is a greenhouse gas. Most of science can't be shown with tabletop experiments, but it doesn't make it any less real.

Jeff Engr2010-06-17T09:09:20Z

Cool quesiton and good comments all.

I would also place a dessicant in all three bottles. Havign a dry gas in all three helps to verify you compare apples to apples.

If you have a pressure gauge, push enough air into the control bottole to match the presusre you get in the CO2 and Methane bottles. This should account for most of the differences you would get for differing pressures. However "desk top" is not controlled enough to get scientific results.

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