How are Ice Ages formed?

Global warming is associated with sun spots. So if the sun spots disappear we will probably have a period of global cooling but maybe not an ice age. The last period of global cooling was around the year 1650 AD. That period is called the "Maunder Minimum".

The short answer is, no one knows for sure what triggers or can trigger an Ice Age.

However, the Milankovitch Theory indicates that many if not all of the ice ages are closely related to variations in insolation due to tiny variations connected with various features of celestial mechanics. Some of these changes are so subtle that it is not clear how they could be responsible for something as large as an ice age without some complicated nonlinear feedback mechanisms, which are not yet fully understood.

they are formed when an extreme environmental event like the most of the earth's atmosphere being clouded in ash and dirt from say a meteor hitting causes the planet to totally freeze over thus causing new species to evolve and current species to adapt to the new climate.

IM GUESSING BUT I THINK THAT IT IS THAT IT GETS REALLY COLD BUT I AM REALLY STUPID SO.... DON'T BELEAVE ME.