How do you repair a hole that was drilled bigger in diameter than the screw we need to use?

Durham's Water Putty does work good...I've used the dowel method or toothpick/matches method too. Sometimes, just using longer screws works if the wood framing behind the door frame isn't too far away...try a 2 or 3 inch screw to catch the framing.

Another trick for holes in metal that are too big is to take a piece of solid wire or paperclip, bend it into a small U shape and insert it into the hole so one leg of the U is on one side of the metal and the other leg is on the other side of the metal....it basically makes the hole a little smaller from the thickness of the wire.

You don't say what material you have drilled, so the answer may change based in the material, but generally you would have 2 options: Fill the hole with a material compatable with the base material. For example, if you are drilling in wood, get a dowel, coat with a good glue and drive it into the hole. When dry, you can redrill the hole correctly. Note you may want to insert a larger dowel then the current hole so you will end up with more solid material when you have to redrill.

The other option would be to find an insert that can be put into the hole and would fit the screws you want to use.

If you are repairing a hole in wood like for hinges or strike plates or into framing lumber for windows and you have to put the screw in the exact spot then I have an easy fix for you...... Buy a wooden dowel rod 3/8 or 1/2 inch. Buy the exact same size drill bit. Drill your hole and using exterior wood glue....glue a 1 inch long piece of dowel rod in the hole. The bond from the glue is stronger than the wood itself. You now have a fresh piece of wood for your new screw. I have seen people shave a wooden matchstick down to a point, cover it in glue and hammer it in the hole. This works but the dowel rod is the real way to go!!! Good Luck!!!

Some people say some stupid things - don't listen to the dummy's. Durham's "rock hard puddy"

or some similar product that hardens and bonds to the surface material you are fastening new doors and windows too. This is what the professional does and charges ridiculous prices for. As the guy in Adam Sandlers movies say's " You can Do IT"

Just to add to the dowel solution , dowels are usualy made from hardwood, be sure to pre-drill for your screws. Cheaper yet is to "whittle" down a piece of softwood (pine ,spruce etc.) to a round tapered plug & glue & lightly hammer it in the drilled hole. Cheers !

an a lot less demanding, even with the reality that probable more suitable temporary fix is to apply wooded matchsticks. positioned a number of matchsticks interior the hollow then screw the leg back in. If no longer tight sufficient or it purely retains turning, upload a pair more suitable matchsticks.

drill out the hinge holes and use bigger screws codes cant say nothing about going bigger and stronger

Stuff a few toothpicks in it with wood glue, works every time

Use heavier screws. I doubt "code" would mind if you used better screws than necessary..

use some sort of anchor that expands when tightened