what are submersible water pumps?

theory of operation:

There's an impeller attached to the motor shaft, inside a housing with two ports, one for intake and the other for discharge. the spinning impeller puts centrifugal force on the liquid trapped between its vanes, so when it reaches the discharge port, the pressure inside the housing is greater than the pressure in the discharge outlet, forcing the liquid out. Faster spinning means more pressure, greater lift.

Some pumps (for example, those used to supply cooling water to marine engines), generate high pressure by utilizing a flexible impeller on an eccentric shaft (off-center). The intake port is situated at the point on the housing farthest from the shaft, so that the chamber between vanes gets smaller as it spins toward the outlet; when it reaches the discharge, the stressed impeller vanes increase the pressure in the housing.

DISCLAIMER: I just made this up as I went along; I have no formal training in any kind of engineering or design.

A water pump can have all the works above the water, pulling by suction and pushed by atmospheric pressure to a maximum of about 33 feet. Or it can have the motor above water and the lifting mechanism below with a long rod connecting (like an oil well with the donkey engine on the surface), but a bunch of weight and friction. Or it can be waterproofed and the motor and pump lowered down the drilled shaft on a plastic pipe with an electrical cord along side and push the water up. The last is a submersable. Similarly sump pumps and recirculating pumps where the cord, motor, and pump are under the liquid.

Submersible pumps are among the pumps used for pumping liquids from a sump or reservoir at low level. The non-submersible pumps are placed above the the liquid level. Submersible pumps are immersed in the liquid in the sump. The submersible pumps have positive suction head while the submersible pumps have negative suction head.

submersible water pumps are tubular shaped, consisting motor and a rotater. Motor is fixed on lower part that drives rotater assembly that suck water from inlets and push it towards outlet with great pressure. There are many segments in rotater assembly. Motor works in water, so its built water proof.

The name it self says it works under water, that is the pump is submerged in water or any liquid which it is supposed to lift.

Submersible pumps are multistage centrifugal pumps. Each stage consists of a rotating impeller and a stationary diffuser. Stage materials are Ni-Resist, Ryton, or special metallurgy's for optimum performance in corrosive or abrasive wells.In addition to typical applications in oil, water, and brine production, pumps are used for booster service, ballast transfer, water floods, direct injection, cavern storage, mine dewatering, fire protection, irrigation, and commercial water systems.

You can get more basic details on any book on hydraulic machinery.

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They are made for use underwater. Even the motor can be submerged.

They are available at Sears, etc. They range in price according to their horsepower. They come already assembled.