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Is Sen. Rand Paul's claim that oil companies earn only 7 cents per gallon of gas factual?

In opposing the Senate bill to repeal tax breaks for oil and gas companies, Paul claimed that the federal government makes more money in taxes on a gallon of gasoline than oil companies earn in profits. He presented a chart that carried the header "Regular Gasoline Tax v. Oil Company Profit, Per Gallon," showing 7 cents per gallon for the oil companies and 18.4 cents per gallon for the federal government. (In his May 17 speech (link 1 below), he said 7 cents and 18.4 cents per dollar, but it was clear from his chart that he meant per gallon.)

But the 7-cents-per-gallon figure grossly underestimates the industry's earnings. It includes only earnings from the sale of gasoline and not earnings on producing and selling crude oil. There are no independent figures on how much oil companies earn on a gallon of gasoline.

Paul's per-gallon figure is consistent with a claim ExxonMobil Vice President for Public and Government Affairs Ken Cohen wrote in his blog, "Perspectives (link 2 below)," when the company released its 2011 first quarter earnings in April.

"Cohen, April 28: During the first three months of this year, for every gallon of gasoline and other products we refined and sold in the United States, we earned about 7 cents."

I called ExxonMobil and asked how Cohen arrived at his figure. Spokeswoman Kristen Hellmer said it was determined by dividing ExxonMobil's "downstream earnings ($694 million) by the number of gallons of gasoline and other products refined and sold during the quarter in the U.S. (9,355 million gallons). The result is 7.4 cents per gallon." Downstream earnings are what the company earns from refining crude oil into gasoline and other petroleum products and then selling it. But that ignores "upstream earnings," which is how much Exxon earns in producing and selling crude oil. And the cost of oil exceeded $100 a barrel in the first quarter of 2011.

Oil industry analyst Kloza called the 7-cents-per-gallon figure "disingenuous," because it ignores high earnings from oil production. "Bringing crude oil to market has been incredibly profitable," Kloza said. "It is disingenuous to say in the downstream we are making only this much."

ExxonMobil reported (link 3 below) that its upstream earnings were $8.7 billion in the first quarter — up $2.9 billion, or 49 percent, compared with a year ago. As of August 2010, it was the third largest (link 4 below) oil refiner in the U.S.

In a February 2011 report called "What's Up with Gas Prices?" the American Petroleum Institute reported that on average oil and gas companies earned about "6 cents for every dollar of sales" — not every gallon — in the third quarter of 2010. Rayola Dougher, API’s senior economist, said she arrived at that figure by dividing net income by total revenues for about two dozen integrated oil companies and independent producers. By her unofficial calculations, Dougher said, the average so far in the first quarter of this year is 7.6 cents per dollar of sales. “If you are a producer and getting more money for a barrel your profits go up,” she said.

But energy experts say the API method is also flawed, as was detailed in a 2008 article (link 5 below) on this very topic. As was said at that time, the Energy Information Administration does not attempt to calculate how much oil companies earn on a gallon of gasoline. EIA economist Neal Davis told us in 2008 that trying to calculate a per-gallon average profit for gasoline would be "heroic at best" and "sadly misinformed … at worst."

1) http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CREC-2011-05-17/pdf/C...

2) http://www.exxonmobilperspectives.com/2011/04/28/e...

3) http://www.exxonmobil.com/Corporate/Files/news_rel...

4) http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/misc/R41478.pdf

5) http://back.factcheck.org/2008/04/gasoline-tax-pro...

Update:

@Sophie:

The question I asked requires a "yes" or "no" answer. How about you actually answer my question instead of giving me your opinion on an issue not raised here?

Update 2:

@Sophie:

The question I asked requires a "yes" or "no" answer. How about you actually answer my question instead of giving me your opinion on an issue not raised here?

Update 3:

@Sophie:

The question I asked requires a "yes" or "no" answer. How about you actually answer my question instead of giving me your opinion on an issue not raised here?

Update 4:

@Most Here:

What I said to Sophie applies to you too.

8 Answers

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  • Anonymous
    1 decade ago
    Favorite Answer

    Not unless you discount the profit that, for example, one of my holdings, Exxon, gets from crude. It is the lowest but Exxon produces crude for 12.39 per barrel and sells it often to itself for over 100.

    Furthermore since it uses a LIFO flow for accounting, as all oil companies do, it calculates its profit based on the replacement cost of the oil or 100 dollars per barrel. Not the cost of actually producing the crude. Basically they get to use the spot market price of crude to determine their costs instead of their actual costs. Showing zero profit on the sale of the crude on its books.

  • 1 decade ago

    Retailers of fuel earn about 2 cents per gallon profit.

    Refiners earn about 8-14% profit on a gallon of fuel.

    Oil companies themselves do not directly make profits off fuel unless they also are a refiner and/or retailer. They make a profit off oil prices and the difference between the cost to get the oil to market and the market price..

    On oil they make a profit off about 9 different products that are distilled from crude. This doesn't even count the natural gas that is found along with oil exploration.

    If an oil company also owns its own refinery and its own fuel retail chain, it is not factual that they are only making 7 cents per gallon.

    maybe if you are making false claims based only on the profit the oil company themselves make by selling oil to the refiner, can you come up with such nonsense. But that would mean leaving out the other 10 products acquired while exploring for oil that are taxed far less than fuel and far more profitable.

    So I guess if you exclude the profit on all the other products they make out of oil, then yes maybe that is true. But why are we talking about how much oil companies make per gallon of fuel when we should be discussing oil companies and barrels of oil or refiners and gallons of fuel.

  • 1 decade ago

    On the oil they refine to gasoline yes around 7 cents per gallon would be accurate. On the oil they drill from the ground, and since for the most part it is the same company absolutely not they've paid on average (or at least exxon) about $20 a barrel.

  • Anonymous
    1 decade ago

    Rand Paul isn't lieing. He said 7 cents per dollar on gasoline fraction, which means it does not include Vaseline, Diesel, Kerosene, Petroleum Ether, and other stuff. No one can give an accurate view on how much anyone makes from a gallon of crude. Even the oil companies aren't sure. The most valuable fraction is Gasoline though. There are accounting tricks to hide profit so they won't pay as much on taxes. I do not disagree with suspending the tax breaks , but not end it. Oil profits are cyclic and we need to stabilize production when profits are down. But things are not as simple. CHina and Mexico subsidize their gasoline companies,

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  • 5 years ago

    The illegals, the lower class, the lazy, the worthless, and the "I'm entitled to it" masses that suck BILLIONS of tax dollars (that 45 cent thing) from the welfare system when they could be out there working for a living. If the oil co's only get 9 and Uncle Sam gets 45, then where is the other 300 gong?

  • Anonymous
    1 decade ago

    On profit alone Corporate management owns only 1.5 percent of the U.S. oil and natural gas industry.

    The rest is owned by tens of millions of Americans through retirement accounts (14 percent) and pension funds (26 percent). Mutual funds or other firms account for 29.5 percent ownership and individual investors own 23 percent of oil stock holdings.

  • Sean
    Lv 7
    1 decade ago

    You'll notice on some gas pumps there's a sticker saying something like .81 of every dollar is tax, doesn't leave much for the actual production of the fuel.

  • 1 decade ago

    Exxon/Mobil's most recent quarter reported earnings of $0.02/gal. Contrast that with state and federal governments taking between $0.40 to $0.65/gal. That is astonishing to me.

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