For example: Is an American consulate considered to be part of America?

well, they control it, but it isn't legally part of the US. it still belongs to the country it's in and that country has the right to ask them to leave.

edit: Yak Rider is pretty much correct, but in fact there are many embassy and consulate buildings that the US governemnt does not in fact own, including London. there are consulates that are located in public buildings in various locations that are occupied by other private businesses.

George and Yak have explained in simple terms a very old treaty between countries that deals with Embassies and things in other countries.Basically what goes on inside is the private business of the government concerned. The host government protects the property looking after the safety of official guests this courtesy is extended by host governments to their Guest Embassies.Internal security is the responsibility of the guest.

http://www.ediplomat.com/nd/treaties/diplomatic_re...

Yes, a U.S. Embassy grounds are considered American soil, as are military bases.

No. It's property owned by the USA and protected by international agreements but it is NOT "US soil."

It works exactly the same with all embassies and military bases. They are NOT "US soil."