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Why are the only neutral group 6 hexahalides: SF6, SF5Cl, SeF6, TeF6, TeF5Cl, TeF5Br.?

My ideas were:

Group 16:

Increase in size down table therefore Oxygen is too small to fit 6 atoms around it (even F).

Po Lb have 6s inert pair so could only form tetra halides.

Halogens:

Most e-neg in their rows

F resists oxidation in hexahalide complexes by delocalising two electrons?

Anything else/more chemically correct?

1 Answer

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  • 8 years ago
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    Nessie,

    There are hexahalides of the group 6 (or 16) elements that are anions, TeBr₆²⁻ is a random example. So a steric argument isn't particularly convincing. Note that the neutral hexahalides must contain the group 6 element (the chalcogen, Ch) in the highest possible oxidation state for a chalcogen: +6. The high fluorine content of the compounds you have listed suggests that a powerful oxidant like fluorine is required to oxidize chalcogens up to the +6 oxidation state. Or, to put it another way, even if you managed to some how prepare a hexabromide or hexaiodide, it would be unstable with respect to loss of X₂: "ChX₆" → ChX₄ + X₂. Note that other stable +6 oxidation state chalcogen compounds are things like oxo compounds, oxoanions, or their conjugate acids, e.g., SO₃, SO₄²⁻ or H₂SO₄ - made by reaction with another strong oxidant: O₂.

    Good luck in your inorganic chemistry course!

    Source(s): inorganic chemistry professor
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