Where did the energies leading up to the Big Bang originate from?

The energy source, the singularity... explosion of which resulted in occurrence of big bang was God Almighty himself. Scientists’ world over often pondered about the singularity... its size, explosion of which resulted in creation of present cosmos! Everything about big bang theory was explicitly detailed in sacred Bhagavad Gita of Hinduism... the sermon given to mankind by Lord Krishna above 3600 years before now! The sacred Bhagavad Gita of Hinduism contained A to Z of entire cosmos... right from stage of big bang to dissolution of entire cosmos (termed Pralaya in Hinduism)... prime reason why Albert Einstein the famous physicist indulged in teachings of Bhagavad Gita but only in later stages of his life, a fact he deeply regretted! Albert Einstein always said... he should have indulged in teachings of Bhagavad Gita in the early stages of life.

Every thing in cosmos was powered by God Almighty directly. God Almighty... the cluster of all souls’ atmans in cosmos in their pure form was the size of half a thumb at the time of big bang! This half a thumb... collective power of all souls atmans in cosmos we called God Almighty was pure consciousness, much beyond comprehension and imagination of most human beings on mother earth! Precepts of cosmic world can only be understood by travelling path of spirituality, path of jnana yoga... never path of religion, path of rituals. Everything about God Almighty... souls atmans... theory of karma and evolution... doctrine of reincarnation, rebirth can only be understood by undertaking spiritual journey that was mandated by God Almighty. Unless we believed in world of souls atmans... nothing in field of spirituality ever became clear.

We were primarily a spirit, a consciousness and not the manifest physical human form. As a soul atman we manifested human form to work out our karma... remove dross impurities within! It is through a cycle of 8.4 million manifestations every soul atman finally reaches last leg of cosmic life... 8.4 millionth manifestation, last in cosmic life cycle! We were part of God Almighty all the time. How? God Almighty exists within all living beings in miniscule form as our soul atman, the spirit within. This also confirms the theory that God is everywhere. As far as mother earth is concerned... all souls’ atmans existed in sun. Both heaven and hell exist in sun... heaven in the core of sun where temperatures exceed millions of degrees centigrade. It is in such high temperatures our soul atman felt comfortable. Hell exists in periphery of sun where temperatures were considerably less. It is in such low temperatures our soul atman suffered for eternity.

Sun derived its energy from presence of souls' atmans in its core. Every single star derived its power... its energy from existence of souls' atmans in its core. All is made explicitly clear in sacred Bhagavad Gita of Hinduism and various Upanishads (independent treatises) of Hinduism. Nothing in cosmos could move an inch in absence of underlying cosmic energy... power of God Almighty that existed in entire cosmos in core of every single star. As precepts of spirituality were beyond capture of science... scientists world over took time in unveiling precepts of cosmic system. Science demands proofs that are not forthcoming in the field of pure spirituality. In the domain of God almighty... it was absolute faith in God Almighty that ruled the roost! Unless one had absolute faith in God Almighty... one could never know anything about precepts of spirituality contained in sacred Bhagavad Gita of Hinduism. More on Bhagavad Gita here- http://www.bhagavadgitasummary.com/

Since you have got the cart before the horse, there is no answer to your question. Technically, the bb theory does not explain the origin of the Universe, it explains what happened a very short time after the origin. What you are asking about is called Big Bang Nucleosynthesis and you can find that on the net. About three minutes after the Planck epoch (look that up) the energy density or temperature of the Universe dropped far enough for protons and neutron to form. Before that it was too hot. And unless you want to have to explain the origin of the thing that did the creating, you will not mention it. Indications are that in this universe protons and neutrons always form since the formation of protons and neutrons after the bb is consistent with present day high energy research, which says that the early Universe should have contained about 74% hydrogen, 25% helium, 1% lithium, deuterium and boron. This is still pretty well true. .

It real simple. God created the heavens and the earth. The was no big bang. (Genesis 1:1)

It's borrowed from the quantum vacuum energy. The net sum of energy of the Universe is still zero just as the average of a wave is unchanged. To an extent, the energy that we know of that does work only exists because of the inflation of the Universe which lowers the false vacuum energy. It's like how heat can only move from hot to cold and only if there is a difference in temperature. Until the Universe was expanding, the energy was the false vacuum energy and couldn't go anywhere, couldn't perform any work, it was at maximum entropy. When the universe expanded, the energy could flow from the previous false vacuum to the newer false vacuum so suddenly there was energy that can do work which is what we think of when we think of energy. It's like the water in a reservoir, it's static and still until the dam let's it flow out to a new lower level. It's like how in an air conditioner, we expand a gas lowering it's temperature which draws heat in from the surroundings, the expansion of the universe borrows energy from the quantum vacuum.

Short answer: The Big Bang Theory shows how the universe grew from nothing but a random quantum vacuum fluctuation, creating the energy and matter as it expanded (with the balancing negative energy in the gravitational field). This doesn't make sense in our Newtonian experience, but it does in the physics of quantum mechanics and relativity.

Long answer:

There are many well-respected physicists, such as Stephen Hawking, Lawrence Krauss, Sean M. Carroll, Victor Stenger, Michio Kaku, Alan Guth, Alex Vilenkin, Robert A.J. Matthews, and Nobel laureate Frank Wilczek, who have created scientific models where the Big Bang and thus the entire universe could arise from nothing but a random quantum vacuum fluctuation in a particle field -- via natural processes.

In relativity, gravity is negative energy, and matter and photons are positive energy. Because negative and positive energy seem to be equal in absolute total value, our observable universe appears balanced to the sum of zero. Our universe could thus have come into existence without violating conservation of mass and energy — with the matter of the universe condensing out of the positive energy as the universe cooled, and gravity created from the negative energy.

I know that this doesn't make sense in our Newtonian experience, but it does in the physics of quantum mechanics and relativity. As Nobel laureate physicist Richard Feynman wrote, "The theory of quantum electrodynamics describes nature as absurd from the point of view of common sense. And it agrees fully with experiment. So I hope you can accept nature as she is — absurd."

For more about the Big Bang and its implications, watch the video at the 1st link - "A Universe From Nothing" by theoretical physicist Lawrence Krauss, read an interview with him (at the 2nd link), or get his new book (at the 3rd link). See the 4th link for "The Universe: Big Bang to Now in 10 Easy Steps." And, see the 5th link for "Quantum scientists make something out of nothing."

"The total energy of the universe is precisely zero, because gravity can have negative energy. The negative energy of gravity balances out the positive energy of matter. Only such a universe can begin from nothing. The laws of physics allow a universe to begin from nothing. You don't need a deity. Quantum fluctuations can produce a universe."

- Lawrence Krauss, physicist

Energy cannot be created nor destroyed. If so, then the energy would have to reside inside something that could conduct it. That means it would have to reside in the two particles which created the universe.

Nobody knows yet but I was reading a book recently about the cosmos and they said that before the actual big bang space was just empty filled with dark matter and sparse temperatures that were uneven in each region.

The energy in empty space predicted by quantum field theory is huge. Large enough to account for all of the matter in universe. It's not clear if this underlying energy has anything to do with the big bang though, but it probably does.

Simply put, no one knows, yet, how the universe began. We may never have a theory that is commonly accepted. There are many ideas, but there is no way to prove any are the correct one.

We are pretty sure we understand the expansion of the universe and the events that followed within an extremely short time after the universe started. Earlier than that point, however, is unknown.

This (matter) heat is thought to be counter balanced by an equal amount of negative (dark) energy. This negative energy is thought to be the cause for the accelleration of the size of the universe. (the cosmological scale factor)

This means that distant galaxies will recede each other with ever growing speeds.

So the incredible matter heat from the beginning was counterbalanced with incredible size accelleration, weird isnt it? But you can expect anything from singularities...

This documentary may enlighten you...

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1yTfRy0LTD0&playnex...