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Calculating flux integral? Please help I need you!?
F=xzi + yk
and the surface is the upper hemisphere of the sphere of radius 3 centered at the origin with the surface orientated in the positive z direction.
I have no idea how to start this integral. Your help is very much appreciated :)
1 Answer
- az_lenderLv 78 years agoFavorite Answer
I would use the divergence theorem. The flux through a closed surface is found by integrating the divergence of the vector field, over the volume enclosed by the surface.
In your problem, the surface isn't closed, but that's OK, we can use the xy plane for the lower boundary, and consider separately any flux through that face. It will be much simpler than the flux through the hemispherical surface.
The divergence of any vector field is
du/dx + dv/dy + dw/dz,
where u,v, and w are the components of the field vector.
In your case the divergence is z + 0 + 0 = z.
So the outward flux across the closed hemisphere will be the volume integral of the function "z" over the solid hemisphere. The net flux across the base disk in the xy plane will be zero, because only the "k" components will cross this disk, and for every point with a positive "y" there is a corresponding point with a negative "y" of the same magnitude. Hence, the net flux across the upper surface will be the volume integral of z.
But this is easy. Slice the hemisphere into disks of thickness dz. The area of each disk is pi*(9-z^2). To integrate z dV, we just need to integrate from z = 0 to 3 the quantity
pi z (9-z^2) dz
= pi (9z - z^3) dz.
After integration you have
pi (9z^2/2 - (1/4)z^4), to be evaluated at z=3:
pi (81/2 - 81/4) = pi (81/4)....about 63.6
And that's the answer!