Can rabies be carried through dirt or dust if you kick or pick up some?

No, like 99% of viruses it lives less than 15 seconds outside of the body.  They don't spread/infect when dehydrated,  the virus dies.  Which is why you have to be bitten or have blood from an infected animal get into an open wound on you. 

No.  You need a body fluid off the infected animal.  But Tetanus does fine in the dirt and will make you just as dead.  btw  People who mess with raccoons are total idiots and just begging for rabies.

No. the virus can only survive in a mammal.

The main vector is being bitten by a rabid animal or getting body fluids of an infected animal into eye tear ducts or mucous membranes.

It has to enter the blood system to cause infection.

Human skin has many layers of dead cells on the surface and these dead cells protect us from bacteria, viruses and many poisons. Rabies is a virus, and it is usually transmitted through a bite. The bite breaks the outer layer of skin to allow the virus to get into the bite victim's body through the wound. Another way viruses and bacteria can get inside a human body is if it is able to get on a mucous membrane, such as the eye or the inside of the nose. That is why doctors advise us not to touch our face (eyes and nose really) when our hands and to wear face masks.  The rabies virus is not transmitted through the air, unlike covid-19 so breathing in dust with the virus is unlikely to be a way to transmit the virus. 

The rabies virus does not remain infectious when it leaves the system of a living animal.

If you walk around in fresh rabid spit and it enters a break in the skin yes.  If you create an aresol with fresh rabid bat poop yes

No, you must be bitten by a rabid animal.