As a minor, can I open a bank account without my parents?

NO, you have to be an adult or sponsored by an adult who will go to jail if you do illegal things.  Period! You can monitor your finances just fine on a spread sheet. Yeah, a family adult can get one with you---who do you trust?

call the bank and ask them.

You have to be a legal adult to open a bank account--that's 18. YES--you can have a legal adult OTHER than your parents help you with this.  Make sure you can trust whoever it is. 

Depends on the country and its banking laws......where I live yes at 16 yrs old you can have your own bank account... you need to call into a local bank where you live and ask what accounts are available to you

Ask a bank. Minors can hold bank accounts with restrictions.

Yes in the U.K., you don't need a parent at your age. You can legally leave home at 16.

Nope. You can't be held legally liable for the terms of a contract you sign. 

Nope.  As a minor, it is illegal to sign any contract without your parents permission and their signatures.

Stash it somewhere until you're 18 then take it to the bank and open an account.

You can open a checking account if you have money to deposit.  You cannot qualify for any kind of a loan.

If you can't have a Joint Account you can't have an account.  At 16 you can not legally enter into any contracts or agreements, and this would apply to any sort of bank account.

You will need to use the Bank of Mattress to hold your money until you are 18.