Earth rotates 1000mph, so if you leave the earth’s atmosphere, wait an hour &  come back down, will you end up 1000miles from where you left?

Not at all

Your forward Velocity would continue while you were up there

Plus whatever force and velocity it took to get you up there

Well, no, because the earth is also moving through space, and presumably you are talking about doing a straight-line trip in terms of reference other than some earth-based reference.

If, however, you chose to move in a straight line away from the center of the earth so that any given point in time you were moving as directly away from that (moving) point as physically possible, returning according to the same reference parameters, you would be expected to end up on the earth at the same latitude as you were at when you left, simply shifting longitude.  That would only be about 1000 miles if you were near the equator. If you were at a pole, you would land exactly where you started from. 

And no, the earth does not rotate at 1000 mph exactly.  Can't really speak of rotation in that sort of distance because rate of motion depends on location (distance from) the axis of rotation.  The rate of motion at a point on the surface of the earth at the equator is fairly close to 1000 mph.  Any such point would move the distance of the circumference of the earth at the equator (about 24,000 miles, really closer to 25,000 miles) in 24 hours.

You have angular momentum which is essentially inertia tethered by gravity in this case, so you are already moving at 1000 mph along with the Earth and your momentum will be conserved. 

In fact as you go up you would tend to drift slightly backwards (against the direction of rotation wrt to the ground) because the radius and circumference are getting bigger. As you came back down you would once again match the speed of the ground.

No, and the earth moves 1,040 mph ONLY st the equator.

Because you are moving at the same speed as your location on Earth when you took off, the rocket is moving at the Same speed as your location and as the inertia and momentum to keep moving at that speed. In fact. the rocket is accelerating and moving faster than the location on Earth is moving east. 

You would if you did that at the equator, but towards the poles it would be less, and at the poles it wouldn't change position at all.  However, it would be very difficult to achieve what you suggest because you would need to orbit to stay in space.

Well... sorta. If you leave Earth’s surface, you still have the velocity of that surface with you. You’ll have to decelerate about 1,000 mph to be stationary with respect to Earth’s center of mass. 

And, of course - you’ll need to maintain your distance, so you’ll need to burn fuel to keep your elevation...

But, while you’re there, hovering, you could watch the Earth turn below you. 

Yes, you would, provided you were to stay stationary relative to the Earth, and not enter orbit or geosynchronous orbit, and you took off and landed on the equator. 

Yes, if you left and landed on the Equator.