Why would the mid to upper troposphere become drier with increasing temperatures?
There was a recent question that asked about the tropical tropospheric 'hotspot', and someone brought up the Paltridge 2009 paper that purported to show a decrease in specific humidity above 850 hPa:
http://www.gerkynet.com/meteo/paltrigde08.pdf
I'm just wondering what kind of mechanism would allow for increasing T while decreasing q in the longterm. I can understand the argument for a negative trend in RH, but specific humidity?
I should also mention that the NCEP reanalysis is the only dataset that shows decreasing q both globally and in the tropics (IIRC). Both satellites and other reanalyses show differently
http://www.gfy.ku.dk/~kaas/Bornoecourse/Material/soden.pdf
http://geotest.tamu.edu/userfiles/229/Dessler_et_al_2008b.pdf
http://journals.ametsoc.org/doi/abs/10.1175/2009JCLI3052.1
"Why is it colder in the upper troposphere over the tropics than it is over the arctic?"
The tropical troposphere is much taller.
And "no one knows" is a pretty lame response. Humidity data from the NCEP reanalysis is widely recognized as having many problems, and the Paltridge et al. paper mentions this several times. The fact that all other observational data shows opposite trends in q would tend to make most people question the accuracy of the NCEP data set.