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just wondering about a basic chemistry question?

here is my question, how does soap work? i know its something to do with hydrogen bonds, but if someone could give me a good explanation id be so happy! :)

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  • 1 decade ago
    Favorite Answer

    Soaps and detergents work because of their physical structure. What every soap/detergent has in common is a molecule that has a long, lipophilic ("oil-loving") hydrocarbon chain, and a hydrophilic ("water-loving") moiety at one end. The hydrophilic end is attracted to and soluble in water (that's where the hydrogen bonding comes into play), the lipophilic end is not.

    When you make up a soap solution, notice that it starts to turn milky -- this is because the soap molecules form spherical clusters of molecules called micelles. Each micelle has the lipophilic ends towards the center of the sphere, and the hydrophilic ends on the outer surface.

    Most of the things we call "dirt" are also oily, lipophilic materials. So when you make soap lather, the lipophilic dirt/grease/grime/whatever is preferentially attracted to the lipophilic ends of the soap molecules, which are on the inside of the spherical micelles. So the dirt gets trapped in the center of the micelles, which are suspended in the water by hydrophilic ends. When you rinse off the soap suds, the oils and dirt are carried away and rinsed down the drain, leaving a clean surface behind.

    Voila -- clean! Hope that helps.

    Source(s): 35 years in surface chemistry
  • 1 decade ago

    Calcite

    Feldspar

    Quartz

    Sand

    Sodium carbonate

    they're the ingredients for making soap..the hydrogen bonds join together making covalent bonds.

  • 1 decade ago

    The molecules of soap will bond with the particles that are stuck to your skin or whatever else and the soap molecules will not bond with your skin, pan, etc. and the water will bond with the soap and therefore wash it away.

  • Anonymous
    4 years ago

    you should entice close loads of hardship-free Chemistry, i might want to point taking Honors Chemistry, it grant you with the basics. if you're sensible sufficient, you are able to capture up on your own and take AP Chemistry.

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