Economics: Price Discrimination, Marginal Revenue, etc?

A. The maximum price a consumer is willing to pay for a good.

B. More info needed: quantity sold?

C. TR: Total Revenue; TC: Total Cost

D. Charging different customers different prices for the same good. Perfect price discrimination is charging every customer their individual reservation price.

E. A uniform price is a market price that all customers are charged.

F. Not familiar with the "hurdle method." The hurdle rate is the rate of return that a company must expect to receive from an investment before undertaking it.

Hurdles are a kind of price discrimination that ensure discounts are only issued when needed to get the sale. That is why they generate greater profits. One example will be early-bird specials at a restaurant - to get the discount you have to jump over the figurative hurdle of eating dinner at 4 PM. This ensures that only those people who are really focussed on price get the discount, everyone else would rather pay full price and eat at a more normal time.

monopoly mr=mc<p because they face a downward slopping demand curve. Just graph it.