Was the American revolution ultimately successful? Did the leaders of the revolution accomplish their goals?

The American revolutionaries of 1776 were not like the revolutionaries of France thirteen years later or the the Bolsheviks in 1917. (Tom Paine was probably an exception.) A few (Sam Adams?) might have liked to go a bit further, but basically it was a pretty conservative bunch.

Replace the monarchy with a republic. (done)

Establish a limited democracy. (done--only white male property owners could vote)

Maintain slavery (done. Some wanted to eliminate it, but most of the Virginia crowd (including Jefferson) were slave owners)

Improve trade (done, under the Constitution. The Articles of Confederation failed in this aspect)

Protect individual rights (done--but not until the Bill of Rights was passed. Other important rights, such as the elimination of slavery, didn't come for another four score and nine years)

If you take a longer view, a persuasive case could be made that the French revolution was actually the more successful revolution. Certainly the American rebels created the longer lasting government, but in terms of the ideals of the respective movement, it's the French who ended up with the more egalitarian society. In America, the revolution really didn't change much. It just shifted political power out of the hands of the British government and into those of local elites. It didn't redistribute wealth. It didn't create new institutions that worked to better the lot of the common man. It still relied on coersive, racialized labor (slavery). It still stuck it to the Indians. So depending on your definition of "success," the French got the better revolution. Its ideals, though largely co-opted by socialists, have moved more power into the hands of the average man than has ever happened in the United States.

They tried to give more power to states rather than a federal government. This worked until the civil war when the government took greater power.

Most of the founding father wished to abolish slavery but the southern states refused to agree so it was removed from the declaration.

Yes, yes, yes, and yes.