Wha'ts the difference between Nitrate and Nitrite?

Nitrite is NO2 and Nitrate is NO3.

They are both part of the nitrogen cycle.

Ammonia is produced by fish and by bacteria and other organisms breaking down organic waste (fish waste, fish food, dead plants, dead fish). In some cases, it will be present as ammonium (NH4) rather than ammonia (NH3). Other bacteria consume ammonia and ammonium and produce nitrite. Both ammonia and nitrite are toxic to fish and other aquatic animals. Still other bacteria convert nitrite to nitrate. Nitrate is considerably less toxic than ammonia or nitrite, but can still kill fish if enough nitrate is present in the water. "Less toxic" means a much larger amount is required to be lethal, not that it isn't lethal.

Nitrate in a tank can be broken down or exported by various means, the most efficient of which is water changes.

Since nitrate is also a plant fertilizer, old water removed from a tank is very good for watering plants. It usually has enough nitrate to nourish the plants, but not enough to burn them.

Plants in an aquarium will also absorb and use nitrate, but the plant growth needs to be "exported" (removed from the water), or the nitrogen compounds will eventually find their way back into the bulk water in the tank through decaying plant parts or excretion of animals that eat plants.

Just to avoid confusion, let me add that elemental nitrogen (N) itself is not toxic. Air is almost four-fifths nitrogen, and it doesn't hurt us. It is nitrogen combined with other elements in certain chemical compounds that can be poisonous.

Difference Between Nitrate And Nitrite

Ammonia, nitrITE, nitrATE in that order. Nitrate is the end product of the cycle. There is much debate about the toxicity or lack there of, of Nitrate. Regular, high volume water changes fixes that.

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well technically speaking, the difference is one molecule = )

but other than that, nitrite is the more harmful unprocessed waste that bacteria "poop" out and turn it into nitrate. plants and algea and even cynobacteria use nitrate to grow and develop more.

other than thats, thats about it

Ammonia ->nitrate->nitrite

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