Are there other social organizations similar to Peace Corps or Ameri Corps?

Hundreds. Lots of them offer short term "Working vacations"; you pay them, they send you somewhere to paint an orphanage or tend to elephants or tutor poor kids, instead of lying on the beach ordering Mai Tais from the fellow in a white jacket.

This is the text file I paste to Q like yours. There's a bit of duplication.

If you use YA's advanced search option for the words "Peace Corps" you'll get some sponsored links. Many will expect you (or your friends and neighbors) to bear some or all of the cost.

The Peace Corps gives you three months of training. You'll learn your host country's language, history, religion(s) and culture, plus get some vocational training. (I learned Malay, Iban and Hokkien, then practice taught for six weeks, under the supervision of a master teacher, for instance.) They provide dental and medical care, a living allowance and some after-service placement counsling. They pay for your air fare over and back. It would not be cost-effective to do all that for someone who stayed on the job for a couple of weeks.

If you want to pay your own way, provide your own medical / dental insurance and already speak the language, there are a number of organizations that will place you for as little as a week. Some people take two-week "working" vacations as volunteers and have a ball. Some don't even require you to speak the language. (Not a problem if you volunteer inside the USA).

Here are two alternatives:

http://www.vso.org.uk/

(Based in the UK, takes volunteers from anywhere, has a six-month "programme" for people 18 - 25) I knew VSO volunteers when I was a Peace Corps Volunteer in 1971. They are a solid, well-known organization. These folks are sometimes known as the "British Peace Corps". They give you a small, modest salary, pay for your housing and medical insurance, and pay for your air fare home. You work in one of 30 countries. The normal term of service is a year.

Student Conservation Association

http://www.thesca.org/

My daughter spent a summer with them. You pay for your food and air fare, they loan you a tent. You spend 4-6 weeks doing manual labor in a national park in the USA with a great bunch of other kids. They will take volunteers as young as 16. Your crew chief will be a young adult, and a ranger looks in on you every couple of days.

Here are some others have mentioned. I know nothing else about them:

http://www.globalvolunteers.org/

http://www.earthwatch.org/

http://www.unitedplanet.org/

http://www.volunteerabroad.com/

This is the a long but comprhensive page about volunteering. It has a list of reputable organizations, but you should read the advice, too:

http://www.coyotecommunications.com/volunteer/inte...

Yes, there are hundreds. If you offer more details about the kind of program you're looking for then it will be easier for people to recommend a program to you.