I recently sprouted new roots on some pieces of plant I cut off, but they died? Why?

I have a vining plant that was getting out of control so I cut it back and took some of the clippings and put them in water until they sprouted new roots. I was told to basically just replant them in some good soil and they should be fine. I did that as well as watered it and within hours of replanting in soil, the leaves went dramatically limp. I thought it was initially in shock but by morning some shriveled up dry. The vine itself still looked good so I just left it to see if maybe the current leaves died off but the plant would maybe take and develop new ones. That was about a week ago now and the vine is starting to dry now as well and look like the leaves. I did plant them in a new pot along with another type of plant but they are not even touching; they were planted on opposite sides of the pot and I gave room so they weren't touching on top of the dirt or beneath. What went wrong??