How we change the rotation of motor single phase and 3 phase?

If the 3 phase motor is fed with 3 phase wires only meaning it is internally connected in Star (wye) or Delta then swapping over 2 of the 3 supply wires will reverse the rotation.

For single phase motors it depends on the type of motor.

Certain single phase motors such as permanent capacitor or shaded pole motors are not built to be reversed and are often fitted to equipment such as fans and pumps that do not require reversing

Where a 3 phase motor has 3 windings - single phase induction motors usually have 2 windings, a run winding connected all the time and a start or auxiliary winding that is only connected for a few seconds at start up. to Reverse a single phase induction motor the flow of current in one of the windings needs to be reversed not both so reversing the supply will not work. As both windings are effectively in parallel when supply is switched on.

In a universal series motor which used brushes and has a field winding and an armature winding again reverse the flow of current in one of the windings to reverse the direction. This motor is typically used in power tools especially the power drill which often has a reversing switch on it.

The previous answers saying reversing of a AC single phase motor is not possible are wrong the answerers are obviously not familiar with the various different types of single phase motors available.

Reversing A Single Phase Motor

Simple:

The easiest is the 3 phase motor. Just reverse two of the three wires feeding the motor.

The single phase motor takes a little more work. You will have to take the motor apart and reverse the Stator (windings on the motor housing). Most single phase motors are symmetrical So you can just remove the bolts holding the two end caps of the motor reverse swap the cap end and the shaft end and you're done. It works.

Do you mean direction of rotation or rate of rotation ?

Direction, single phase, you can swap the two leads on the start winding.

Direction, 3 phase, Switching any two of the three phases will cause the motor to turn in the opposite direction. That is, swapping the two wires to two of the phases, changing 4 wires altogether.

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All electricity is generated and distributed using a 3 phase supply. this supply feeds a transformer that changes the supply from 3 phase/3 wire to 3 phase/4 wire. The fourth wire is a neutral that if you connect one live wire and the neutral, you have a single phase supply. If you use all 3 live wires you have a 3 phase supply

Single phase is set rotation, no changing.

Three phase just reverse two of the wires, or leads.

For single phase, there is nothing you can do much about unless you are desperate and go drastic in rewinding in the reverse order or use gearing.

For three phase, the case is simple by exchanging any two phases.