Are park rangers allowed to detain me in handcuffs and search through my car because of my illegal tints?

At 18 you are not a minor. If your tints are illegal that gives them probable cause.

The ranger can legally ask you to step out and handcuff you. That's done for safety reasons. He doesn't know if you are going to become violent. However, he cannot search your car without a warrant or your consent. Did he ask if he could search the car? There are some exceptions to the consent laws and that is if something illegal is in plain view. For example if he sees a roach in your ashtray he can go in and get it.

If the ranger didn't have a legal right to search your car whatever he found in the illegal search cannot be admitted as evidence in court. Basically the weed could not be used against you and most likely the charges would be dropped since there is no evidence anymore. There are some steps you need to take to make sure this happens if you believe that the search was illegal and for that you need a lawyer. It is ALWAYS a good idea to get a lawyer if you are being charged with a crime, even a minor crime. Most convictions will stay on your record forever and can come back to haunt you in the future. If I were you I would definitely hire a lawyer and take him along to your first court date.

There is nothing preventing the ranger from telling people about your arrest. You are an adult and the arrest is public information. It's not confidential.

You may be 18, but you still are living with your parents. They have a right to know what you are doing, because in the event you really screw up. they can be held liable. You may not technically be a minor, but you are behaving like a kid.

Park rangers have every right to search your car. You had illegal tints, clearly you aren't a person who worries about what is legal or not.

You will not be a minor when you act like an adult. You live at home, you are not self supporting, what makes you think you deserve all the rights and privileges of an adult.

So move out, support yourself and quit living off your parents. And take responsibility for your actions, your illegal tints and your pot smoking. Quit whining about your "rights" and start living up to your responsibilities.

Spend the cash on a very good defense lawyer well worth it

Under the limited facts you stated, depending on the police report states, etc. , you may have a cause of action to suppress the evidence based upon unlawful search , or you may not because of plain view when you open the door or smell of controlled substance etc.

Well there not allowed to search through your car without a permit

So yes hire a lawyer and tell your lawyer that he didn't have a permit to search your car

A lawyer is not all you need.

No, they are not.

Please exercise your right to use proper English.