Why are Mormons and JW not counted among the many protestant churches?

The "Mormon" Church (The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints) does not count itself as Protestant, but as the _restored_ Gospel. It makes the claim that Joseph Smith was called by God and Jesus Christ to be a prophet (one who delivers God's message to the world) and restore the original church set up by Jesus during his mortal ministry. As such, it is classified as a restorationist (in encyclopedias, including Wikipedia) denomination, which is neither Catholic or Protestant.

As far as beliefs go, the Mormons declare that Jesus is the Christ, the Son of the living God (the Eternal Father), and Savior of the World.

They believe that heaven is ruled by the Godhead, which is composed of God, the Eternal Father, his Son, Jesus Christ, and the Holy Ghost. Jesus and the Holy Ghost are subordinate to the Father and operate under his direction and authority and Jesus is considered to be Jehovah, the great I AM, and God of the Old Testament. While this is similar to the Trinity belief of three persons in one God, it is not the same, but rather sees a definite order in heaven and the oneness is a oneness of purpose, not essence.

They worship God, the Eternal Father, in the name of and through Jesus Christ, whom they recognize as the head of the church (and thus, its name -- The Church of Jesus Christ -- of Latter-day Saints to recognize that it is Jesus' church in the latter-days).

They have never made any prediction concerning the date or time of Jesus' return, but have claimed visits from Jesus from time to time, where he gave specific instructions in carrying out the role of the church in preparation for his return. They do not view these visits, including that where both the Father and the Son appeared to Joseph Smith, as the second coming, only preparatory to that event.

I can't speak for the JWs, other than speculate that they are so far outside Christianity, that they are hardly considered to be Christian. While they recognize Jesus Christ in the religion, it is Jehovah God who is considered to be mankind's _principal_ savior, not Jesus Christ. At least they recognize that Jesus is the Son of God.

For the most part, because neither group recognizes the Trinity (which was introduced with the Nicene Creed), they are often not considered Christian by other Christians.

Are Jehovah’s Witnesses Protestants, Fundamentalists, or a sect?

Jehovah’s Witnesses are Christians, but they are not Protestants for the same reason that they are not Catholics—they recognize certain teachings of those religions as unscriptural. For example, the Bible does not teach that God—the very personification of love—tortures people forever in a fiery hell. Nor does it teach that humans have an immortal soul or that Christians should meddle in politics.—Ezekiel 18:4; John 15:19; 17:14; Romans 6:23.

Because they didn't break away from the Catholic church during the reformation. That's what "Protestant" means. Mormons and JW's didn't even exist until the 1800s.

Protestant churches are generally classified by the theory that God no longer has time for humanity, and that his word is limited. LDS Christians don't believe God's work is finished, nor will it ever be. Which pertains to scripture as well as time for humanity. This drastic divergence from a limited God tends to cause some contention among Protestants, therefore their demand for LDS Christians to deny the Christ.

Protestants generally hold to the Catholic faith. Protestants would disagree with the Roman Catholic Church but fully affirms that the Apostles, nicene, and Athanasian Creeds are fully in line with scripture and to be accepted. The further back you go in Protestantism the more Catholic you get. Lutherans and Anglicans are much more catholic than Baptists or Pentecostals. Mormons and JW's are rejecting core Christian doctrines and are not considers Protestants nor Christians by the vast majority of Christian denominations.

Mormons are not a protestant church because:

1) They do not trace their roots to the Catholic church. Protestant churches broke away from the Catholic church. Mormons did not.

2) They do not subscribe to the tenets of the Protestant Reformation. They reject doctrines like the Trinity, original sin, predestination, sola scriptura, etc.

I think officially they are, but many people don't consider them to be because they reject many of the basics of Christianity, for example JWs don't believe Jesus Christ is God's son.

They should be counted as Christians. It depends on who is counting . Christians sometimes omit them based on the fact that they do not believe Jesus was God in the flesh. There are many who attend church but do not hold fast to all of the tenets of the religion.

They are. They are just a couple of the more different ones.

Like the Mormon church has its separate "Book of Mormon". It is not really their problem; it is the "D&C" book that No one gets until after they have joined - that contordics the Bible and Book of Mormon over and over!

They're their own sort of thing. Neither group really fits into the Protestant or Catholic parts of Christianity. They're quite a bit different from those 2 (but are still basically Christian).