If a bee stings you it will die. Does the bee know this?

Of course not. The honey bee has a barbed sting, unlike other bees. The barbed sting will anchor a bee's sting in the sting victim. In effect, the bee gets stuck after stinging. A bee has no way of knowing that it will get stuck if it stings. After stinging, the bee will instinctively try to get away to stay alive, by pulling its body away from the sting victim. If the sting is firmly attached to her abdomen, then she will obviously not be able to get away because of the barb. Well, here is the sinister part of the design of the bee's sting. The sting is firmly attached to a venom sac, but the venom sac is loosely attached to the bee's abdomen. So, when the bee pulls, the venom sac and that sting will remain in one piece and will continue to pump venom into the sting victim, but the venom sac and sting will be detached from the bee's body, leaving a hole in the bee's abdomen. She will die because of her injury, but not right away.

Because of the bee's behavior of attempting to escape, we can be quite sure that it has no way of knowing that it was going to die. Otherwise, it would have stayed put. Therefore, its instincts actually tell the bee that it could escape after stinging, even though it cannot. In effect, the queen bee, which carries all the genes in the worker bee's body, designed the worker's sting and venom so that the worker will die after stinging, but it will at the same time deliver a large dose of venom. Natural selection ultimately favored this design, which benefits the queen at the expense of the worker bees, because it is more effective against a predator that may be trying to destroy the hive, than if the worker bees live without inflicting as much harm to the predator.

I would guess that bees react on instinct. I don't think that they possess a great deal of knowledge.

Maybe maybe not. I think bees are just dedicated in protecting their nest and they dont care if they die.