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Increasing compression on 350 chevy?
(this is a repost)
THIS IS NOT A HIGH-PERFORMANCE QUESTION BUT AN EFFICIENCY QUESTION.
I inherited my grandfather's 1972 C-10 truck which he bought new in april '72. It has an original 350/350 combination with, what i think, are 3.08 gears. The truck is almost in mint condition. The only thing I don't like about it is its gas mileage. It might get 9, at best 10 miles/G. My dad tells me it has always been that way. It was worse when it was new until my dad installed a holley economaster to replace the quadrajet in 1981. That increased fuel mileage by 2 miles. I would really like to drive the truck more if I could get better economy. I did some research. As we all know, GM took the compression out of their engines to meet the EPA's requirement for all cars to run on the new unleaded fuel beginning in 1973. This truck came factory with 8.6:1 compression. It is fairly gutless with the throttle floored.
This is my question: Does lowering compression also decrease efficiency? I'm thinking it does. Regardless of compression ratios of two different 350s, volumetricaly, it would be almost the same in terms of how much air and fuel enters the cylinders at a given rpm range. Making better use of that fuel charge seems to me the way to go. I'm thinking of increasing the compression ratio by going to a flat-top piston, maybe even a small dome because it has 72cc chambers. I realize I have to use higher octane, but bear in mind, I'm already using mid-grade. I'm also pondering a slight upgrade in cam profile to go along with the increase in compression but I'll maintain the holley economaster as a fuel system. It as 390cfm. Also, I'm not too concerned with ruining its originality as the engine was opened once before many years ago. It's stock specs however it would continue to look stock on the outside. What are your thoughts? Does this seem a rational approach?
BTW: If you want to see the truck I have two videos of it on You tube. Use search word, "C-10 Highlander." It's two-tone green and white.
7 Answers
- ?Lv 78 years agoFavorite Answer
Fuel has to be vaporized before it gets into the cylinder, for it to be of any use.
The Quadrajet is a superior fuel atomizer. What kills 72 Quadrajets is that they were a second year emissions calibration. You should have no problem getting 17 MPG out of that truck with 308 gears when things are set up right.
Compression will increase efficiency.
Tightening the piston to head squish clearance will raise compression but lower octane and spark advance needs. It's combustion efficiency. Another very smart move for you is a pair of stock Vortec heads with your flat top piston change. Deck your block and use a fel pro 1094 head gasket. It will run with 28-30 degrees total timing like that.
Until you change the IFR's, PVCR's and put about .026 air bleeds in that Holley, it'll never get good milage. IF it does not have annular boosters in it, then it will never vaporize/atomize well, and so I would not use it.
Several other adjustments to gain power and milage for you, but this will get you started.
Get rid of the SMOG cam, as well. It's killing cylinder pressure, which in essence is destroying the dynamic (effective) compression.
camshaftshaun@gmail.com
Source(s): Camshaft design/manufacture, full competition race engine building/development, failure analysis of internal engine components, Carb blueprinting, drivability/MPG/durability expert, chem analysis of fuel, super-tuner. I will help/advise you, sell you cams, etc; but I am MUCH too busy to baby-sit you without a fee. Yes I WILL answer a private email or two, but don't slam me with endless emails asking endless questions or me to hold your hand. You can do so after you buy something from me - monkeyboyLv 78 years ago
It sounds like you know a bit, so here is something: Carb size isn't going to change efficiency. Not sure how Holley managed to scam the public with that one, but if you run an engine lean (which is all you can do with just a carb change) you will destroy it. If nothing else the difference in tune is what made MPG better. Quadrajet gets excellent MPG when tuned correctly. The Quadrajet's only came in two sizes, and the only difference was in the primary side...250 CFM vs 300CFM. Again, the engine has to suck in as much fuel as it needs, if you aren't into the throttle heavy, the 500CFM secondaries are meaningless in regards to mileage.
Where are you measuring those MPG's? If that is combined city/freeway, or city, you aren't going to improve on that. Sorry, you won't, at least not in a way that makes $ sense. It's a truck, starting and stopping uses massive amounts of fuel because of it's mass.
At ~8:1 compression you shouldn't be using mid-grade, you should be using the low grade. Resistance to detonation doesn't help things, in fact it can hurt since ignition is harder.
GM reduced compression because high combustion temps increases NOx. Once EGR was introduced, and electronic means to control timing better, compression started to increase again.
Those cylinder heads are GARBAGE. A set of Vortec heads would immediately increase compression with no additional mods. They also flow far better, so better power.
Dome pistons are also garbage, and should only be used as a last resort if there is no other way to increase compression. They interfere with flame propagation and quench, both of which when optimized allow higher compression without increasing octane requirements.
Here's real-world examples: Stock 305 (9:1 compression was stock), carbed with a quadrajet, OD trans, 3.08 gears. Stock 350 (~8:1 compression), carbed with quadrajet, no OD manual trans, 3.42 gears and 33" tires. 350 with Vortec heads (9.6:1 flat top pistons), injection off a 1989 Camaro, roller camshaft, headers, no OD manual trans, 3.42 gears, 33" tires. Me driving every single one, the exact same chassis with each drivetrain change.
Best economy ever is 18MPG, freeway only. NONE of the modifications from the last one made any noticeable difference in economy. Power is increased, driveability is increased, but economy didn't change, because trucks are heavy vehicles with bad drag numbers. And that was carbed or injected...same economy freeway, MAYBE a hair better in town, but not enough to be worth the cost.
- C0LD4SIC3Lv 58 years ago
You could spend a boat-load of cash and increase efficiency a dozen different ways and I doubt you will get an additional 2-3 mpg. Most attempt efficiency gains then lose it with a heavy right foot. Save the big plans for later. Keep that truck and never let it go. Don't go crazy with modifications because so many will look and say; "I'll bet it was nice before he started messing with it". A Plain Jane gas guzzler is way cool over a toyed up truck. Put some Headers and FlowMaster 40's, maybe some better heads and a intake manifold.
Source(s): I have an 04 Silverado, that I am keeping forever. I wish it did better than 15.5 mpg with its 4.8L(293ci) engine, but I am not gonna screw it up either. Putting a new clutch in today. UPS just delivered it. - How do you think about the answers? You can sign in to vote the answer.
- JohnLv 78 years ago
Suppose you put $500 into it and raise the mpg 3 or 4 pts, still sounds terrible. I'd get a used Honda car that was engineered from start to be efficient.
- Anonymous8 years ago
Think headers and free flowing exhaust. That WILL improve the mileage.