How did Roe v. Wade end up in the Supreme Court?

Roe v. Wade reached the Supreme Court on appeal in 1970. The Justices delayed taking action on Roe and a closely related case, Doe v. Bolton, until they decided Younger v. Harris, as they felt that the appeals raised difficult questions on judicial jurisdiction, and United States v. Vuitch, where they considered the constitutionality of a District of Columbia statute that criminalized abortion except where the mother's life or health was endangered. In Vuitch, the Court narrowly upheld the statute, though in doing so, it treated abortion as a medical procedure and stated that the physician must be given room to determine what suffices as a danger to (physical or mental) health. The day after they announced their decision in Vuitch, they voted to hear both Roe and Doe. Also abortion was legalize after this case

The court's opinion tells you this, in the paragraph at the very beginning of the opinion, labeled "Syllabus." It tells you who sued whom for what, in what court, and what that court did, and what happened next. It's all right there. Just read it.