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Organic Chemistry Question , Help Needed !?

Explain why central C-C bond in 1,3 Buta-diene is shorter than that of butane

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  • 6 years ago
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    I'll give you the long and short version.

    Short version: single bonds are longer than double bonds which are longer than triple bonds. When you have two double bonds separated by a single bond then the single bond actually acts like a double bond (see longer version).

    Longer version: When you have two double bonds separated by a "single" bond then that's actually a conjugated diene (exceptions you don't have to worry about). If you know your valence bond theory then you know that double bonds are just 1 sigma bond and 1 pi bond. The sigma bonds are the shortest distance between the two atoms. Pi bonds (between p orbitals) are further away from the sigma bonds but bond parallel to them. Just google image search "CONJUGATED SYSTEM PI BONDS" to see what I'm talking about. Those orbitals that look like 8's are the p-orbitals. Because the way the orbitals bond in the pi bond, the two sets of double bonds actually form a system and become a sort of "electron-highway"

    If this is a college class just answer: because it's a conjugated diene

    If this is some highschool class then answer: why the f*ck am I learning organic chemistry in highschool?

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