How did the Crusades effect the economy, society, and the nations of Europe and Palestine?

Neither Europe nor Palestine were ever nations. There were 7 (or nine depending on how you count them) major Crusades numerous minor Crusades over a period of 400 years. Not all of which were centered in the Middle east. To get a valid answer to you question you would need to specify which Crusade, as each was different and had different causes and effects or at lease which century you are asking about.