What are all the jobs of the judicial branch?

The Judicial Branch of the U.S. federal government operates all aspects of the federal courts. It is not involved in the operation of the courts of the States, but certain types of cases originally heard in state courts can be appealed to federal courts. For that reason, judges in state courts generally take into account precedents set in federal cases when hearing cases of those types. In both the federal and state systems in the U.S., the judicial branch does not have anything to do with corrections or law enforcement. That is, they do not run prisons or police, nor tell them what to do.

The Judicial Branch consists of the following organizations:

- The Supreme Court

- the 12 Courts of Appeals (called "Circuit Courts")

- The Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit

- the Judicial Councils (and, from time-to-time) the Judicial Conferences for each Circuit

- The Judicial Conference of the U.S.

- the 91 District Courts (Each has its own judges, magistrate judges, bankruptcy judges, clerk, U.S. Attorney, U.S. Marshall, probation officers, court reporters, and their staffs, though some of these are Executive Branch (Dept of Justice) officers. Federal Defenders can also be assigned, as needed.)

- the 3 Territorial Courts (which serve both federal and state-type roles)

- The Court of International Trade

- The Judicial Panel on Multidistrict Litigation

- The Court of Federal Claims

- The Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces

- The Tax Court

- The Court of Appeals for Veterans Claims

- the 2 courts of local jurisdiction for the District of Columbia

- The Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts (to handle pay, assignments, & other administrative functions needed to run most of the Judicial Branch, and also to provide Federal Defenders where needed)

- The Federal Judicial Center

- The U.S. Sentencing Commission (an independent body placed within the Judicial Branch)

Where each court gets its authority, and what the jurisdictions are for each, are much more complicated. I recommend you search individually on the particular bodies or names you are interested in.