Question... If a couple in their early 40s don’t use condom, and she isn’t on birth control then what kind of protection are they using?

She could have had a tubal ligation, or she might have had a partial hysterectomy (removal of the uterus). Either one would render her incapable of getting pregnant. OR, he might have had a vasectomy. Same result - a vasectomy would render him incapable of impregnating her.

Well... he or she may well have been sterilized. Or they may be trying to have a baby. Or they may not be using anything at all... just because you're in your forties doesn't mean that you can't be irresponsible or dumb.

She could have an implanted device, either or both of them could have has sterilization surgery, she could be menopausal...

Or they could just be hoping that it doesn't happen.

it may shock you to know that there are multitudes of options that are not pills or condoms. . maybe she has an IUD maybe she had her tubes tied, maybe she had the rod implant, maybe they use spermicide, maybe she has a diaphragm, maybe they use the sponge, maybe he had a vasectomy, maybe they are just infertile, maybe it's none of your business

old age

They're not using any protection that you know of. Maybe she can't get pregnant, or he had a vasectomy.

If they're faith full to each other then there's no harm in not using protection.

He could have had a vasectomy