How property/asset can be divided when divorce?

Depends on the laws in the jurisdiction where the divorce is taken place. Things like prenuptial agreements and community property laws vary across the globe. When a couple can't agree on a settlement they'll usually have to get a judge to make the determination. People in the emotional throes of a divorce are often incapable of making good decisions, so bringing in an unbiased arbitrator can cut through some of that.

Depends on the state. Some are community property states where the property and assets are divided right down the middle. If you have a house one or the other has to buy the other one out of their half or they have to sell it and divide the money. You can make deals, like one gets the pickup truck and the other gets the car. There is no alimony in most cases. The issue of kids is secondary to the division of the assets. In a non-community property state is it a fight. Women often get alimony. If you want to avoid that, make sure the woman works during the marriage at a decent job so she can not claim she has no marketable skills.