What is the derivation for Avagadro’s number?

You want to know how was this number derived ( That is calculated). You do not want a definition of this number.

Here is an explanation I found from Scientific American:

Accurate determinations of Avogadro’s number require the measurement of a single quantity on both the atomic and macroscopic scales using the same unit of measurement. This became possible for the first time when American physicist Robert Millikan measured the charge on an electron. The charge on a mole of electrons had been known for some time and is the constant called the Faraday. The best estimate of the value of a Faraday, according to the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), is 96,485.3383 coulombs per mole of electrons. The best estimate of the charge on an electron based on modern experiments is 1.60217653 x 10-19 coulombs per electron. If you divide the charge on a mole of electrons by the charge on a single electron you obtain a value of Avogadro’s number of 6.02214154 x 10²³ particles per mole.

It's 12 grams divided by the actual mass (in grams) of a single atom of the carbon-12 isotope.

it's called avogadro's number. See morningfox's answer

How far back do you want to go? In 1909, it was the number of molecules in 32 grams of oxygen. Then in 1971, it was defined as the number of atoms in 12 grams of carbon-12. Then in 2017 (effective on May 2019) it was redefined as 6.02214076 x 10^23 (exactly).