What happens when you put everything into one recycling bin?

It still gets shipped to China where they dump it in the ocean.

Segregating different colour glass is a joke. It gets emptied into the same lorry with no separate compartments. I’ve watched it and the guy at our local recycling “amenity” told me not to bother.

If you have a building super he'll sort it out and bag it. In some states like New York if it isnt properly separated and bagged you will get a very big fine from the sanitation  dept.

In some places nothing.  They take it all together. In others you have to separate so they will reject mixed. 

Where I live the whole load will be considered "contaminated" and be treated as general waste. So everyone else's hard work will have been for nothing.

They dump it into the truck..

It's called single stream recycling.  The plant has processes to separate what can be recycled and what can't.  Ultimately, you're probably putting alot of stuff in there that can't be recycled either because it's the wrong kind of plastics, is too dirty, or is too intermixed with other materials.  Most of your recycling will end up in the landfill.  And even of the things they CAN recycle, most don't economically justify the activity, and some aren't even net environmentally better than putting it in a landfill.

Where I live, we are not asked to pre-sort. Same the place I moved from.

The recycling center is one of the few places that frequently hires people recently released from prison, for sorting, baling, and moving various recyclables in the facility. It pays enough to live simply, and lets them re-enter the working world.

In my city, the guy who picks it up just leaves the entire bin there.  He is too busy and not paid to do more sorting than they already do.

Where I live, nothing.   The trash man will just pick it up anyway.