Filtering/distilling water...?

If you mean isopropyl alcohol, I would question this process. If you get it wrong, isopropyl alcohol can be dangerous if ingested and even if the water is 98% pure, you should not drink it. For some people, the water and veg oil mix could be harmful. Never drink anything that is prepared in a lab and that applies to professionals also.

The water will need to be distilled at some point, but the veg oil separation from the water isopropyl alcohol will depend on which veg oil is used and how much is in the sample.

Reverse osmosis should take care of everything on the list. You'd need a pump to force the water through the filter membrane at a high enough pressure.

I'd agree with the first poster in that drinking the water afterwards is not advisable. Any failure or leak would allow the isopropyl alcohol to pass through. Even small amounts are enough to make you sick or worse. Drinking the water does not prove that it is pure. You will have to wait and see whether you die or not, not an acceptable test method. Whoever made that rule should be held responsible.

Styrofoam floats, marbles sink.

vegetable oil could be separated with a separating funnel.

salt and sugar will need the water evaporated.

isoproply alcohol will need the mixture distilled. Check the boiling point of isproply carefully bcause it is poisonous.

Red coloring would stay behind if the water was evaporated. We did that one by adding more water, the solution to pollution is dilution.

Filtration on salt r sugar water will only filter out that which did nor dissolve.

Distillation.

Boil the substance (hopefully water has the lowest boiling point of them all) then pass it through a condenser so the water turns back into a liquid from a gas.

The red food coloring will probably be the hardest to filter.

Check out the source for the idea..