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Differential Equations Problem please help?

Use the Laplace Method to solve the equation:

x'' + 2x' + x = e^(t+1)

x(0)=0, x'(0)=0

1 Answer

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  • 10 years ago
    Favorite Answer

    I do not know that method, but I am sure it is not the simplest way.

    Find the complementary function by solving the auxiliary equation:

    x'' + 2x' + x = 0

    m² + 2m + 1 = 0

    (m + 1)² = 0

    m + 1 = 0

    m = -1

    xᶜ = (At + B)℮⁻ᵗ

    Find the particular integral by comparing coefficients:

    xᵖ = C℮^(t + 1)

    xᵖ' = C℮^(t + 1)

    xᵖ'' = C℮^(t + 1)

    xᵖ'' + 2xᵖ' + xᵖ = ℮^(t + 1)

    C℮^(t + 1) + 2C℮^(t + 1) + C℮^(t + 1) = ℮^(t + 1)

    4C℮^(t + 1) = ℮^(t + 1)

    4C = 1

    C = ¼

    xᵖ = ℮^(t + 1) / 4

    Find the general solution by combining these two parts:

    x = xᶜ + xᵖ

    x = (At + B)℮⁻ᵗ + ℮^(t + 1) / 4

    x = ℮^(t + 1) / 4 + (At + B)℮⁻ᵗ

    Find the particular solution by solving for the constants:

    When t = 0, x = 0

    ℮ / 4 + B = 0

    B = -℮ / 4

    x' = ℮^(t + 1) / 4 - [At - (A - B)]℮⁻ᵗ

    When t = 0, x' = 0

    ℮ / 4 + A - B = 0

    A = B - ℮ / 4

    A = -℮ / 4 - ℮ / 4

    A = -℮ / 2

    x = ℮^(t + 1) / 4 + (-℮t / 2 - ℮ / 4)℮⁻ᵗ

    x = ℮^(t + 1) / 4 - (2℮t + ℮)℮⁻ᵗ / 4

    x = ℮^(t + 1) / 4 - (2t + 1)℮℮⁻ᵗ / 4

    x = ℮^(t + 1) / 4 - (2t + 1)℮^(1 - t) / 4

    x = ℮^(t + 1) / 4 - (2t + 1) / [4℮^(t - 1)]

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