Medical exam for employer-provided life and disability insurance?

If you say you are a non-smoker, they will take an oral swab to test for nicotine and THC (marijuana). If you tell them you smoke they won't take the oral swab. Other than that, it's a basic physical. The other tests they run check for medical conditions, not drugs.

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Insurance is the equitable transfer of the risk of a loss, from one entity to another in exchange for payment. It is a form of risk management primarily used to hedge against the risk of a contingent, uncertain loss. An insurer, or insurance carrier, is a company selling the insurance; the insured, or policyholder, is the person or entity buying the insurance policy. The amount of money to be charged for a certain amount of insurance coverage is called the premium. Risk management, the practice of appraising and controlling risk, has evolved as a discrete field of study and practice. The transaction involves the insured assuming a guaranteed and known relatively small loss in the form of payment to the insurer in exchange for the insurer's promise to compensate (indemnify) the insured in the case of a financial (personal) loss. The insured receives a contract, called the insurance policy, which details the conditions and circumstances under which the insured will be financially compensated.

A physical is not a drug test and no, your employer does not get the results... It is for the life insurance company only and even if they did "drug test" (which they won't) the results can not be given to your employer or used against you.

No, they will not.