How does the misfolding of proteins cause sickle cell anemia?

A misfolding can occur by various mutations in the amino acid sequence. For example, normal hemoglobin contains amino acid Glutamic acid at position 6. In sickle cell anemia glutamic acid is substituted by amino acid valine. This dirsupts the protiens function caused by the misfold. It is important to note that primary structure affects tertiary structure and since hemoglobin is a quarternary structure the misfold will occur.