Can a bolt-action be loaded without the magazine?

yes!

Bolt Action Magazine

The practical answer is really "yes, but..."

The way repeaters are designed, as a round is stripped off the top of the magazine, the head slide sup the bolt face, and the rim (or groove, in the case of rimless rounds) slides between the extractor and the bolt face.

When you drop a round in the chamber and force the bolt closed, it makes the extractor bend out to clear the rim, then flex back in to hold it. There is a definite possibility of damaging the extractor over time, particularly if you're aggressive in closing the bolt. What will probably happen is you'll end up with an empty case stuck in the chamber, and have to shove a rod down to barrel to free it.

Some guns are more prone to this than others. In your case, with the XT-22, the extractor is really quite beefy for a .22 rifle You could probably do this thousands of times with no ill effects.

It is perfectly fine. It is basically no different then loading it when you load it with the clip. The clip holds the ammo and then the bolt pushes the bullet into the chamber.

no they built this rifle as a preloaded disposable rifle go to a gun store and donate it to them with the agreement they give a really good deal to some high school kid. if you must shoot stick with the xbox 360 or play station 3.

Yes, you can load individual rounds without a magazine. Some semi-auto handguns will not fire without a magazine installed in the handgun. I have no use for handguns like that.

Yes.

Yes, perferctly safe.

almost every gun can be loaded without magazine.

yeppidy deppidy