what are the effects of the first and second Balkan Wars?

Weakening of an already weak Ottoman empire,which lost most of its remaining territories in Europe.

Serbia did the best out the Balkan Wars,encouraging its aspirations towards a Greater Serbia,which soon afterwards led to the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand,the spark for WW1.

The Ottoman Empire was unable to reform itself, govern satisfactorily, or deal with the rising ethnic nationalism of its diverse peoples. Secondly the Great Powers quarreled amongst themselves and failed to ensure that the Ottomans would carry out the needed reforms. This led the Balkan states to impose their own solution. Most important, the Balkan League had been formed, and its members were confident that it could defeat the Turks.[4][5]

The Ottoman Empire lost almost all its European territories to the west of the River Maritsa, drawing present day Turkey's western border. A large influx of Turks started to flee into the Ottoman heartland as a result of the lost lands. By 1914, the remaining core region of the Ottoman Empire had experienced a population increase of around 2.5 million because of the flood of immigration from the Balkans.

♦Further weakening of the once powerful Ottoman empire leading to conflict & ethnic nationalism among its diverse people.

♦With the signing of the Treaty of Bucharest on August 10, 1913, geographic Macedonia was carved up among the then-emergent kingdoms of Bulgaria, Greece and Serbia.

♦The Ottoman Empire lost almost all its European territories & was losing ground with rise of Russia.

♦Balkan Wars eventually led to the outbreak of World War 1.