This bread recipe has me to the point where I have a ball of dough ...?

If it helps you place the ball of dough in a container, square would be great.

Measure where the dough is and then place a mark on the container that is double that. So if the dough comes up 4 inches place the mark at 8.

Or another way is to lightly poke at the dough if your finger leaves a dent in the dough it has risen enough. No need to stress about double.

Or and even better idea look for one of the "No Knead, Overnight Bread" recipes. Mix the flour, water, east together in a bowl, cover and leave it on the counter for 8 to 18 hours. No kneading, no worrying if the dough has doubled. You bake the bread in a Heavy Dutch oven.

It is not that precise. It is a rough rule of thumb. It must look like it is double in size. Quit yer beefing book boy.

You're way overthinking this.

Let it sit until the ball looks a lot bigger. It doesn't have to be exactly double in radius, or in volume.

You are over thinking it.

Double the size means EXACTLY that. The ball of dough will look bigger about twice its size...

This is an important part of making bread so just do it.

Volume. it's not like you actually measure it--just make sure it expands to most of the bowl.

volume