Why does success oftentimes breeds arrogance?

Humility it’s not always valued by society.  

Arrogance is almost Darwinian when you think about it.  Think of the male Peacock showing his plumage. It is a power play that keeps him in power.

See how smart, cool,  pretty,  handsome, fit, strong, brilliant, rich I am, and that is how we get noticed in society.  

It’s crazy because we know that leaders who have humility—servant leaders, actually motivate their staff more successfully.  Yet too often the arrogant are chosen to lead.  Reasons like “they have presence, are outgoing, or are confident over shadow their inability to relate, problem solve, show compassion, share the pen or serve. Most of us dread  working for such people and yet I find it hard to find someone who has not had a boss like that.

So that arrogance, you see, is actually someone seeking success in the world that has not evolved. It is not content of character. It’s playing the game.  

If you're honest about your path to success, most times there is thanks to be given to one's parents, spouse, and colleagues (unless you're the Lone Ranger, Kemosabe).

A daily morning right-you-all (ritual), while one is transitioning from alpha to beta rhythm, giving your cares, great and small, as a package addressed to God, and receiving in turn a torch to carry through the day, gives something to work with.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maslow's_hierarchy_o... notes most being-cognition people have a sense of destiny, of a higher guidance or power.

At close of day, a simple counterclockwise non-involved looking at some events of the day, choosing to do better, and asking God to teach and protect you while your body rests, is wise.

Related:   Understanding Yourself by Mark Prophet. 

It's not for philosophical reasons, it's for psychological ones. You've obviously confused Psychology with Philosophy. WRONG FORUM. But the answer to your question is HUMILITY. Some people come by it naturally, some have to learn it, and many never do. 

Because arrogance sometimes breeds success.  No matter where you go, there you are.