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Hello,

I'm studying to become a vet tech myself, but today I encountered something I don't really understand.

Tetanus is a rare condition in dogs because most of them are resistant against the C. tatani bacteria. But one of the dogs in my dogschool did get it and nearly died. She's doing better now though. What I don't really understand is why some dogs are more sensitive for infection. Is it bad luck, or are there dogs who simply are more likely to get tetanus. I wish to advice her on getting a vaccination for tetanus or not in the future since you normally don't vaccinate against tetanus.

Kind regards

Hear me out on this before you jump on conclusions.

Imagine you are a breeder, you believe you are being responsible by not breeding dogs with a ressive gene for some sort of genetic defect.

Image a line that symbolizes your breed --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Every '/' will mean a section has been cut off for various reasons (eye color, sickness, coat type, ...)

----/-----/-------/-------/(---------)/-------/-------/-------/------ Let's say the section between the (-----) is what's breeders call a healthy population to breed These dogs will have problems too that will become visable later. As you can see only a tiny population to breed remains with all sorts of genetic defects that will grow worse as the years pass by.

So that brings me to my main question (or point of discussion really):

Are we truely acting in the dog's best interest when constantly removing dogs from the breeding lines? What will happen in a few years when those genetics defects surfice? Would it be better if we'd start mixing bloodlines and breeds again and thus increase the breeding pool again?

I'm not sure what to think of this and I wonder what you guys believe. This is more of a debate than a real question.

When you 'look' at an atom you 'see' protons and neutrons in the nucleus and electrons moving around it in orbitals. Why don't the e- get drawn in by the positive nucleus? Why do the e- keep moving around in their orbitals?

So, there you have it: what makes certain dog breeds so intelligent? I've saw many posts claiming border collies are the smartest dogs there are, but on what ground besides competition have we decided border collies are indeed the smartest dog alive? Do they actually have a larger/different brain? Or is it simply because they have the need to work with us and to please us.

I've started to wonder what this can be and I haven't found an answer yet. I'm about to dig into Google Scholar so if anyone can point me towards the right direction, I'd greatly appreciate it. I'm not looking for a 2 sentence easy solution, I really want to know what brain part, what neurons, what part of evolution (genetics, epigenetics) created the border collie and it's seemingly special brain. I'm studying ethology so please don't simplify it, just hit me with everything you got :)

Hello

I wish to learn why eukarytic cells evolved into plants/animals. I already learned that prokaryotes "absorbed" mitochondia in a symbioic relation (or the metochondria invaded the mothercell, that's still under discussion I believe?

Anyway, it makes perfect sense why a cell would absorb another if that cell has an advantage by doing so (energy production in this case). Now, following the path of evolution: why did cells evolve further? WHY (I'm more interested in that than I'm in "how" but if someone here wishes to give the full explenation I'd be very pleased) did these cells evolve into plants. Did these cells evolve into animals or did plants evolve into animals? It can't be that a cell suddenly had leaves or teeth! There has to be a step in between (or steps). I'm familiar with cell structure of both pro and eukaryotes and with the morfology of the plantea. I tried researching but thus far I always get stuck on what happend after the symbyosis with chloroplasts and mitochondria. How does the story continue? In most documenteries you see bacteria, if lucky they mention eukaryotes and than suddenly plants appear and then all of a sudden there are worms, sludges, spunges and even predetors. "Poof, here we are"?

Is this still unclear? If so, what are the most accepted Hypothesis? If this is an extreamly long answer, way longer than the 6000 characters, could you perhaps post me a link where I can find this info? I'm looking for the real stuff, not the simplified version for the broader public.

Sorry for spelling mistakes, this is not an easy topic to ask questions about if English isn't your mother language (hell, it's hard enough to understand this in my motherlanguage, let allone in a differnt one).

I hope someone can point me into the right direction

Thanks in advance and kind regards.

PS. I'm aware there's a third group (the archea I believe) but I don't think they play a major role in this story, do they?

Good evening,

I'm reading an article for school about the Tasmanian Devil, I'm trying to figuare out what's so special about canine teeth, almost circular in cross-section. What does it mean and why would this form prevent the Devil from shattering his teeth when they'd impact bone. Google wasn't the answer :S It just made it more complicated.

Thanks in advance.

Hi,

I'm facing a dilemma right here with my border collie. I practice flyball with him and for him, it's his life. There's nothing in the world he loves more than playing it. I also participate in a competition with him and he's good, very good even.

Some time ago, he injured himself at home. He broke his 'little finger' on his right front paw. I didn't notice at first and I put him on hold for 6 weeks (I assumed it was only a mussle injury) After that, I started to play flyball again and nothing went wrong. He did become much slower which I though of as normal due to the period of inactivity. After a few months though (at the end of the competion) he started to limp again, nothing really bad but enough to make me decide his season was over. I tried desperatly to keep him active without flyball but after 6 weeks he started showing signs of depression (completely apathic) and he became destructive. Mindgames, walks, ... didn't cut it, swimming was a nice extra and might do the job but what will I do during the winter? I also went to the vet and had all his paws scanned. They were all in perfect health except for his little finger. The vet told me it was an older injury covered with chalk with a mussle around it that would start to hurt from time to time. He gave me the following options:

- quit flyball: not going to happen, besides he'd just injure himself while doing someting else. He's from a special working line so has even more energy than the average BC!

- Give him painmedication b4 a match. I tried this for a training, he did manage to get back to topspeed but after training he was standing on 3 legs again so that's not an option either, he'll just go over his limits. I can't say 'I'll let him run only twice' either, he needs to get rid of his energy. Any suggestion to limit running on flyball must be compensated elsewhere.

- Amputate the pinky and now we arrive back at the title of this topic. I hate that word, it scares me to death even after my vet told me it would be ok and that my dog would be able to run without pain and at top speed again. I went for second opinions, went to the breeder, asked friends, ... but I still can't come to a decission. Am I beeing an egocentric basterd for wanting my dog to run without pain and at top speed (I won't lie: the competition is important for me as well) or would I be doing the right thing? I'm in doubt for I do want him to achieve his topspeed, but I feel horrible when I see him hurting himself. ONLY the little finger would be amputated and since a dog doesn't really use his little finger when running, it shouldn't have consequences.

He's 5 yrs old, in excellent health, weighs about 16-17 kg (not a scrap of fat on him) and was recently scanned: no hip problems (A) and only 1 fracture on his pink. He's currently at top condition, but it's just a matter of time b4 he hurts himself again and then I'll need to take all his exercise from him again and :(

It's a very hard decission, I don't even know what to expect from the answers I'll get but it can't hurt to ask, can it.

Yesterday while practicing sports, I severly twisted my ankle almost 100°. It's in a special bandage now and I've put several blankets below my ankle so that it's elevated all the time. Despite that I'm in serieus pain and I was wondering if ppl here could give me some practical tips to survive the coming days.

I already went to the hospital and scans have been made. They've been made in a hospital that according to my mother has a bad reputation (a collegue of her was misdiagnosed with a simmilar injury). Anyone who has some advice to sleep a bit and to reduce the pain? Any things I should monitor and report to my dokter as soon as I notice them? I can't reach my dokter because his secritary is answering the calls and she doesn't understand the meaning of "urgent call".

Kind regards and hoping to sleep soon

I have another problem, as said in my previous post I'm reinstalling one of my HD's with windows vista. The reason I'm doing this is because EVERY single driver on my windows 7 HD was wiped. I installed KIES (samsung smartphone software) and poof, every single driver gone. My graphics, my sound, my CD/DVD drivers, ALL of them. Is there any way to fix this w/o having to use the windows 7 DVD? My PC was made at a store and he programmed the PC so the DVD wasn't included. I can go back and pay him but since I've already payed for the PC once I'm not really planning on paying for another windows 7 package + that shop is rather far away. I'd love a solution I can attempt from here. My friends told me to buy the DVD again and install it but I'm a poor student and I don't really plan on spending my going-out money for a month on windows 7 :S

I have 2 HD's in my PC. I wish to format C (I don't need a back up I just want it wiped clean and start from scratch, I have the DVD). The thing is that the HD I wish to wipe isn't the one that I automaticly boot with. I boot with the other HD. So how can I wipe and reïnstall w/o damaging the other HD? The data on the HD I wish to clear is no longer needed, in fact I just want that data to be gone for ever, just point me how I handle the PC-sledgehammer w/o harming the other HD =P

I'd like to know if cats learn from each other (if they don't kill each other first). Right now I have an extremely territorial cat. He’s castrated but still, he’s the bully of the neighbourhood. This hasn’t always been the case. We once had 2 cats and they occasionally had a fight, but in general they got along rather well. A bit like 2 brothers =) One of those cats passed away and ever since we only had 1 cat + dogs. The cat we have now knows how to survive. Per example: before crossing a street he’ll look left and right. If we’d get another kitten and we’d manage to have the older cat accepting the kitten, would the kitten be instructed by the older cat? Would it be beneficial for the kitten to go out with the other cat? Or is it more likely the older cat would say “you can cross now” at the moment a truck passes by ;P

I’m really wondering, if cats don’t learn from each other I’m not getting a new kitten anytime soon. Not worth the trouble.