Shotgun shells and how to choose?

I don't know where some of these folks got their book learning but they need to go back to school for a refresher course.

Recoil is basically the load of lead in ounces times the muzzle velocity divided by the weight of the weapon. The more lead you accelerate, the higher the recoil. The higher the velocity you accelerate that lead to, the more the recoil. The more weight you remove from the weapon, the more the recoil. Taken the other way, if you lessen the lead payload, you cut recoil. Drop the muzzle velocity, you cut recoil. Add weight to the gun, you drop recoil.

3" shells have the potential to be more powerful than a 2 3/4" shell....there's more room to play around with in it....but they aren't always more powerful. It simply relies on how they're loaded. Some 2 3/4" magnum ammo is more "powerful" than low end 3" ammo.

If you need to cut your recoil, go to 2 3/4" shells loaded with 7/8oz or 1oz of lead. Go to lower velocity shells. Stay away from the heavier stuff.

Pellet size makes no diff on recoil. The formula above is what matters.

For the best, most evenly spaced spread, you'll want smaller pellets. Larger ones do more damage when they hit individually, they carry more energy, but smaller ones can cover a larger area. Bird hunting, go 1oz of 7 1/2 in a shell that makes approx 1150 to 1200fps. Rabbits and other game of similar size, go 1-1 1/2oz of #4 at about 1200fps. Larger stuff, home defense etc, go for 8 pellet shells over 9's. 1200fps or so. One less pellet can make a tiny bit of diff on the target, but the faster second shot makes up for it.

Most common shotgun ammo, you'll see three numbers on a box and on most individual shells, too. 3 - 1 1/8 - 7 1/2 is an example. That means the shells have powder equivalent to 3 drams of blackpowder....it has 1 1/8oz of lead....and the pellets are #7 1/2. That's a common birdshot shell that will move at approx 1200fps. To decrease the recoil on that, you'll want something like 3 - 1 - 7 1/2. 3 drams equivalent, one ounce of lead in #7 1/2 shot....or 2 3/4 - 1 1/8 - 7 1/2. You can decrease either the speed or the lead weight and you'll ease the recoil.

If you need anything else, feel free to ask, sir!

Low Recoil Shotgun Shells

Using the prices you quoted, here's how it breaks down per reload: Primer 0.03 Powder 0.05 Shot 0.10 Wad 0.025 Total 0.205 per reloaded shell That's $41 for 200 reloads vs. $45 for factory ammo at your quoted price. That's not a big difference, but the saving is really better than that because I haven't included the cost of the hull itself. Because you can reload a shotgun hull, even an inexpensive one such as the Federal, Remington or Winchester game loads, at least two or three times, that cuts your cost for each reload by about 0.05. At minimum, using reloads will save you $10 per month at the rate you expect. The savings go up substantially if you compare to the cost of target loads such as Winchester AA, which is probably something to consider. Most serious trap shooters use premium loads such as AA and Gold Medal, which cost between 0.45 and 0.50 per round at case prices. Premium hulls will last for 5 or 6 reloads, further increasing the savings for a reloader. They also will provide reloads with better ballistic consistency because the crimp will be more consistent and reliable. If you are satisfied with the performance of game loads, it's probably not worth reloading. Your time is worth more than a savings of $10 per month. If you find that you really need the target loads, that's a whole different matter. UPDATE: FYI I figured based on a 1-ounce shot charge and a typical powder charge for Alliant Red Dot, a faster powder commonly used in 12 gauge target loads. You didn't specify a gauge, so the numbers would change slightly for a lighter shot charge, say 7/8 ounce, and a lighter powder charge, but not enough to change the basic economics. Obviously things go in the other direction for a heaver shot and powder charge.

Look for a shell that is specific "low-recoil" and you'll be set. otherwise the recoil is the about the same between 2 3/4" and 3" shells, as only the payload changes, but the amount of powder stays the same as long as they are both for the same gauge shotgun.

The difference you notice is between a 12 gauge and a 20 gauge. The 12 has a larger circumference and thus a larger shell which equals more powder. The 20 gauge is about 40% less.

1 shell size and type doesn't determine spread, that is a function of the choke,#2 yes 3" shells are usually more powerful than 2 3/4" shells,shot size doesn't have any effect on recoil or spread, felt recoil is effected by powder charge,shot weight,weight of the gun and to some extent,the type of choke being used.#3 12 ga.3"/5 shot will definitely recoil harder than 20ga.2 3/4"/5 shot they are 2 different critters, to reduce felt recoil with that particular shotgun,I would recommend you go with a 2 3/4" 7 or 8 shot and you will find it a lot more comfortable to shoot, #4 as for the choke in that shotgun it is a "fixed choke" design,meaning you cant change it,that said most coach guns have either a improved cylinder or open choke which will cause your shot pattern to open up quickly and become very large in a short distance,which is good for its intended purpose as a short range, quick handling, easily stowed defensive weapon.

Shot size will not make a difference all that is saying is the size of the bbs inside the shell. If you were to shoot a 2 3/4 inch shell out of your 12 gauge it would kick allot less compared to a 3" or even a 3 1/2" shell! Bigger the shell more power! Being you have a fixed choke that's where you would have to experiment with your shot sizes. Bigger the shot number the smaller the bbs.

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Recoil is from the load of powder, not the amount of shot in shotgun shells. The spread, is largely determined on the type of choke your shotgun has. Open choke will spread more than 1/2 or full etc. Open choke is more of the type you would use for skeet and trap.

3 inch are purpose rounds .. two and three quarter drams equi, are fine winchester i use and have for yrs. shot size um 5 are good 2/3/4 fine.. 7,8 ss for birds ,,grouse um all the above good shooting ok thanks

Overall, a target load would be your best bet on the least kick.