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Implicit differentiation ?

Two curves which intersect at a certain point are said to be normal to each other at

that point if their tangent lines at that point are perpendicular to each other. The circles (𝑥 −6)^2 + (𝑦 − 17)^2 = 100 and 𝑥^2 + 𝑦^2 = 225 intersect at the point (12,9).Show that the circles are normal to each other at that point.

 

Are you trying to show the slopes are the same? When I did it I got -(x-6)/(y-17) and 

-x/y. giving me 2 different slopes.

 

Update:

I see now that you are trying to show they are perpendicular to each other, but I still get 1/4 as one slope and -4/3 as the other. 

2 Answers

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  • 1 month ago

    (x - 6)² + (y - 17)² = 100

    x² + y² = 225

    Point of intersection

    (x - 6)² + (y - 17)² = 100

    x² - 12x + 36 + y² - 34y + 289 = 100

    x² + y² - 12x - 34y = - 225 → recall the other circle: x² + y² = 225

    225 - 12x - 34y = - 225

    - 12x - 34y = - 450

    6x + 17y = 225 ← equation of the line that contents the points of intersection between the 2 circles

    6x + 17y = 225

    6x = 225 - 17y

    x = (225 - 17y)/6

    x² = (225 - 17y)²/6²

    x² = (50625 - 7650y + 289y²)/36 → recall the other circle: x² + y² = 225 → x² = 225 - y²

    225 - y² = (50625 - 7650y + 289y²)/36

    36.(225 - y²) = 50625 - 7650y + 289y²

    8100 - 36y² = 50625 - 7650y + 289y²

    325y² - 7650y = - 42525

    13y² - 306y = - 1701

    y² - (306/13).y = - 1701/13

    y² - (306/13).y + (153/13)² = - (1701/13) + (153/13)²

    y² - (306/13).y + (153/13)² = 36²/13²

    [y - (153/13)]² = (36/13)²

    y - (153/13) = ± 36/13

    y = (153/13) ± (36/13)

    y = (153 ± 36)/13

    y₁ = (153 + 36)/13 = 189/13 → recall the line: 6x + 17y = 225

    6x₁ = 225 - 17y₁

    6x₁ = 225 - 17.(189/13)

    6x₁ = - 288/13

    x₁ = - 48/13

    → Point (- 48/13 ; 189/13)

    y₂ = (153 - 36)/13 = 9 → recall the line: 6x + 17y = 225

    6x₂ = 225 - 17y₂

    6x₂ = 225 - 153

    6x₂ = 72

    x₂ = 12

    → Point (12 ; 9) ← this is the given point

    Recall the first circle:

    (x - 6)² + (y - 17)² = 100

    (y - 17)² = 100 - (x - 6)²

    (y - 17)² = 100 - (x² - 12x + 36)

    (y - 17)² = 100 - x² + 12x - 36

    (y - 17)² = - x² + 12x + 64

    y - 17 = ± (- x² + 12x + 64)^(1/2)

    y = ± (- x² + 12x + 64)^(1/2) + 17

    y' = ± (1/2).(- 2x + 12) * (- x² + 12x + 64)^[(1/2) - 1]

    y' = ± (- x + 6) * (- x² + 12x + 64)^(- 1/2)

    y' = ± (x - 6) / (- x² + 12x + 64)^(1/2)

    y' = ± (x - 6) / √(- x² + 12x + 64) ← this is the slope of the tangent line (ℓ₁) to the circle at x

    y' = ± (x - 6) / √(- x² + 12x + 64) → when: x = 12

    y' = ± (12 - 6) / √(- 144 + 144 + 64)

    y' = ± 6/8

    y' = ± 3/4 → you can see on the drawing, that the slope is positive

    y' = 3/4

    Recall the first circle:

    x² + y² = 225

    y² = 225 - x²

    y = ± (225 - x²)^(1/2)

    y' = ± (1/2) * (- 2x) * (225 - x²)^[(1/2) - 1]

    y' = ± (- x) * (225 - x²)^(- 1/2)

    y' = ± x / (225 - x²)^(1/2)

    y' = ± x / √(225 - x²) ← this is the slope of the tangent line (ℓ₂) to the circle at x

    y' = ± x / √(225 - x²) → when: x = 12

    y' = ± 12 / √(225 - 144)

    y' = ± 12/9

    y' = ± 4/3 → you can see on the drawing, that the slope is negative

    y' = - 4/3

    The slope of the line (ℓ₁) is (3/4).

    The slope of the line (ℓ₂) is (- 3/4).

    The product of these 2 slopes is (- 1), you can say that the line (ℓ₁) and the line (ℓ₂) are perpendicular.

    …and the circles are normal to each other at that point x = 9.

    Attachment image
  • 1 month ago

    Are you trying to show the slopes are the same?

    No, we must prove that the product of the two slopes is -1 

    (condition of orthogonality between two lines)

    1. 

    -(x-6)/(y-17)  @ (12,9) we get m₁ = 3/4

    -x/y @  (12,9) we get m₂ = -4/3

    2

    m₁*m₂ = -1

    The two tangent lines are orthogonal this means that the two curves are normal to each other.

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